Midterm Study Material

Question 1

General Anatomy

Answer 1

humerus, radius/ulna; femur, tibia/fibula or tibiotarsus,
tarsometatarsus

Question 2

Osteomyelitis

Answer 2

inflammation or swelling that occurs in the bone

Question 3

Mal-Union

Answer 3

when a fractured bone heals in an abnormal position; can make the bone look bent (especially the radius/ulna)

Question 4

Judicious Antibiotic Use

Answer 4

“antibiotic stewardship”

Question 5

General Antibiotic Considerations

Answer 5

which bacteria suspected and where

Question 6

Anti-Microbial Resistance

Answer 6

decreasing the effectiveness of antimicrobial drugs

Question 7

Fenbendazole

Answer 7

anti-parasite

Question 8

Gabapentin

Answer 8

pain medication

Question 9

Buprenorphine

Answer 9

pain medication

Question 10

Meloxicam

Answer 10

pain medication

Question 11

Butorphanol

Answer 11

pain medication

Question 12

Ivermectin

Answer 12

anti-parasitic

Question 13

Praziquantel

Answer 13

anti-parasitic

Question 14

Toltrazuril

Answer 14

anti-parasitic

Question 15

Penicillin G Procaine

Answer 15

anti-biotic

Question 16

Tylosin

Answer 16

anti-biotic

Question 17

Enrofloxacin

Answer 17

anti-biotic

Question 18

Amoxicillin Clavulanate

Answer 18

anti-biotic

Question 19

Sulfamethoxazole - Trimethoprim (SMZ-TMP)

Answer 19

anti-biotic

Question 20

First Intention Healing

Answer 20

epithelial tissue; no granulation

Question 21

Second Intention Healing

Answer 21

granulation tissue; +- scar tissue

Question 22

Lavage

Answer 22

flush out debris, remove bacteria (caution: coelum)

Question 23

Topical for Wound

Answer 23

SSD, aloe, vetricyn, sugar honey (anti-bacterial)

Question 24

VAC

Answer 24

vacuum assisted closure

Question 25

Other Wound Management Techniques

Answer 25

sterile maggots, laser, acupuncture

Question 26

Saline

Answer 26

isotonic, non-toxic, may not be as good at cleaning dirty wounds

Question 27

Betadine

Answer 27

good antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, and yeast (can be irritating if not diluted)

Question 28

Hydrogen Peroxide

Answer 28

non-selective, damaging to new cells, don't use it

Question 29

Clean Wound

Answer 29

surgical wounds

Question 30

Clean-Contaminated Wound

Answer 30

surgery/minor break in aseptic technique

Question 31

Contaminated Wound

Answer 31

fresh, traumatic wounds, infection, major break in aseptic technique

Question 32

Dirty Wound

Answer 32

purulent discharge, debris, open for longer than 6-8 hours

Question 33

Stages of Wound Healing

Answer 33

inflammatory phase, proliferative phase, maturation/remodeling

Question 34

Proliferative Phase

Answer 34

vascularization, fibrin/collagen, epithelialization, contraction

Question 35

4 Hallmarks of Inflammation

Answer 35

swelling, redness, heat, pain

Question 36

Physiologic Responses to Stress/Trauma

Answer 36

increased HR, peripheral vasoconstriction, increased cortisol, increased RR, increased intracranial pressure

Question 37

PCV and TS Units

Answer 37

%

Question 38

Causes of Low PCV

Answer 38

blood loss, chronic disease or malnutrition, not making enough blood...raptors rodenticide toxicosis

Question 39

Causes of Low TS

Answer 39

protein loss, severe blood loss, malabsorption, chronic malnutrition, or disease

Question 40

Causes of High PCV

Answer 40

dehydration

Question 41

POTZ

Answer 41

preferred optimal temperature zone

Question 42

Initial Assessment

Answer 42

metation, body condition, hydration, eyes/ears/mouth, integument, musculoskeletal, digestive, respiratory

Question 43

Triage

Answer 43

determine which patients need help first

Question 44

Stress Reduction

Answer 44

quiet, work quickly, look before you grab, cover eyes, be prepared to stop, have control

Question 45

Methods of Rehydration

Answer 45

PO, SQ, IV, ICe, soaking, food, not IM

Question 46

ICe

Answer 46

intracoelmic

Question 47

Parts of Syringe

Answer 47

bevel, gauge, shaft, hub, barrel, tip, plunger

Question 48

Smallest gauge needle

Answer 48

has largest gauge number

Question 49

Isotonic

Answer 49

sodium

Question 50

Buffered

Answer 50

pH

Question 51

Balanced

Answer 51

electrolytes

Question 52

Crystalloid

Answer 52

electrolytes in water (LRS)

Question 53

Coilloid

Answer 53

large molecules like proteins

Question 54

Alignment

Answer 54

bone fragments line up

Question 55

Displacement

Answer 55

distance between ends

Question 56

Override

Answer 56

fragmented ends overlap (mainly oblique fractures)

Question 57

Non-Union

Answer 57

failure of bone healing (dead bone, excess movement, disease)

Question 58

Closed Fracture

Answer 58

simple, no wound

Question 59

Open Fracture

Answer 59

compound, wound in vicinity of fracture

Question 60

Transverse Fracture

Answer 60

perpendicular to length of bone

Question 61

Oblique Fracture

Answer 61

at an angle

Question 62

Spiral Fracture

Answer 62

circling around the bone

Question 63

Torus Fracture

Answer 63

folding fracture

Question 64

Comminuted Fracture

Answer 64

multiple pieces

Question 65

Avulsion Fracture

Answer 65

piece "pulled" off

Question 66

Stages of Bone Healing

Answer 66

inflammation/hematoma, repair (callus), bone remodeling

Question 67

NSAID

Answer 67

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug