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Midterm Review Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Steps of scientific method?

A 
Question
Research
Hypothesis
Test Hypothesis 
Analyze
Publish
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2
Q

Limitations of microscopes?

A

Only magnify 2000x times, blurs

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3
Q

Main branches of biology?

A

Botany
Zoology
Genetics

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4
Q

What is Botany?

A

Study of plants

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5
Q

What is Zoology

A

Study of Animals

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6
Q

What is Genetics?

A

Study of genes

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7
Q

List 5 characteristics of living things

A 
Made of cells
Obtain and use energy
Grow and develop
Reproduce
Respond to enviroment
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8
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

Bond which involves sharing of electrons

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9
Q

What is ionic bonding?

A

Bond which involves an electrostatic attraction

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10
Q

Which bond has a definite shape?

A

Covalent bonds (water molecule)

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11
Q

Which is a bond between two nonmetals?

A

Covalent bonds

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12
Q

Which is a bond between one metal and one nonmetal?

A

Ionic bonds

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13
Q

What is a peptide bond?

A

carboxyl group of one atom with amino group of another atom releasing water

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14
Q

What does a peptide bond result in?

A

dehydration synthesis

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15
Q

What is the atomic number?

A

Number of protons in atom

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16
Q

What is the mass number?

A

The number of protons and neutrons

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17
Q

What are the two main types of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharide and disaccharide

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18
Q

What are the three types of monosaccharides?

A

Glucose, Glactose, and Fructose

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19
Q

What are three main types of disaccharides?

A

Surcose, Lactose, and Maltose

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20
Q

What is two monosaccharides is surcose made of?

A

glucose and fructose

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21
Q

What two monosaccharides is lactose made of?

A

glucose and glactose

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22
Q

What two monosaccharides is maltose made of?

A

glucose and glucose (SAME)

23
Q

What is the molecular formula of a monosacharride?

A

C6H12O6

24
Q

What is the molecular formula of a disaccharide?

A

C12H22O11

25
Q

What are proteins?

A

Polymers linked through peptide bonds into a chain of amino acids?

26
Q

What are nucleic acids?

A

Polymers of nucleotides linked in a chain

27
Q

Which fats are a straight bond and no bend?

A

Saturated fats

28
Q

Which fats are liquid at room temperature?

A

Unsaturated fats

29
Q

Which fats have a bend with double bond in them?

A

Unsaturated fats

30
Q

Which fats are solid at room tempurature?

A

Saturated fats

31
Q

What is a lipid also known as?

A

Triglyceride

32
Q

What is an enzyme?

A

Substance that acts as a catalyst and lowers activation temperature required

33
Q

Name two enzymes

A

catalse

ATP Synthase

34
Q

What does catalase do?

A

Catalyzes the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen

35
Q

What does ATP Synthase do?

A

provides energy for the cell to use through the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate AKA ATP

36
Q

What is the carboxyl group?

A

-COOH

37
Q

What is the amino group?

A

-NH2, Nitrogen bonded to two hydrogen atoms

38
Q

What did Matthias Schleiden discover?

A

Discovered all plants were made of cells

39
Q

What did Theodore Schwann discover?

A

That animals were made of cells

40
Q

What did Rudolf Virchow discover?

A

All living things com from other things

41
Q

What did Robert Hooke discover?

A

Discovered the cell composition of cork, coined the work cork

42
Q

Which type of cell does not have a nucleus?

A

A prokaryotic cell

43
Q

What is a hypertonic solution?

A

A solution that contains more dissolved particles than is found in normal cells

44
Q

What is a hypotonic solution?

A

A solution that contains less dissolved particles that found in the normal cells

45
Q

What is an isotonic solution?

A

A solution with equal concentrations of solutes on both sides (cell and liquid)

46
Q

What did Van Helmont discover?

A

Discovered that most a plants mass is water and conculed plants released a combustible gas

47
Q

What did Joseph Priestly discover?

A

Discovered oxygen, also invented soda water (carbonated drinks)

48
Q

How does ATP turn into ADP?

A

The second-third bond is broken on it and energy is released

49
Q

What are the steps of aerobic respiration?

A

Glycereol, Krebs cycle, Electron Transport chain

50
Q

What are the steps of anaerobic respiration?

A

Glycolysis, Fermentation (lactic if human)

51
Q

What is the formula for lactic acid fermentation?

A

Lactic acid + NAD + bacteria in animals and humans

52
Q

What is the formula for alcoholic fermentation?

A

Alchol + CO2+ NAD + Yeast

53
Q

Which type of fermentation takes place in humans?

A

Lactic Acid

Science (23 decks)

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