DNA Flashcards
What is A?
Adenine
What is G?
Guanine
What is C?
Cytosine
What is T?
Thymine
What group are Adenine and Guanine part of?
Purines
How many rings are the purines?
Double Ringed
What group are Cytosine and Thymine in?
Pyrimidines
How many rings are the Pyrimidines
Single Ringed
In DNA, what does C go to?
G
In DNA, what does T go to ?
A
In DNA, what does G go to?
c
In DNA, what does A go to?
T
In RNA, what does A go to?
U
In RNA, what does U go to?
A
What is a DNA?
A deoxyribose sugar
A phosphate group
Nitrogen base containing AGCT
Double helixed
What are AGCT?
Nitrogenous bases
What is RNA?
Ribose sugar Phosphate group Nitrogenous base containing AGCU Single stranded 3 types
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
What is mRNA?
Messenger RNA
What is tRNA?
Transfer RNA
What is rRNA?
Ribosomal RNA
What is the first step of transcription?
RNA polymerase binds to DNA promoter site
What is the second step of transcription?
Add complementary RNA nucleotides (U–A)
What is the third step of transcription?
DNA termination sequence signals gene end
What is the fourth step of transcription?
RNA polymerase releases DNA and RNA
What is a polypeptide?
A sequence of amino acids
What is the start codon?
AUG
What is a codon?
3 mRNA nucleotides code
What does the START codon do?
starts translation
What is the START codon?
AUG
What does the STOP codon do?
stops translation
How many STOP codons are there?
3
What are the three STOP codons?
UAA, UAG, UGA
What does the tRNA do?
Binds specific amino acids
T or F, is tRNA an anticodon?
True
What is Sickle Cell Anemia?
Where As are Ts
What is nondisjunction?
Gametes have 1 more or less chromosome
What is monosomy?
45 chromosomes
What is Turner’s syndrome?
XO
What is trisomony?
47 chromosomes
What is a tumor?
Uncontrolled cell division
What is metastasis?
when cancer cell breaks off and spreads
