midterm review

Question 1

what are the components of Freud’s iceberg model ?

Answer 1

Conscious - thoughts and perceptions (superego, ego)
Preconscious - memory and stored knowledge (superego, ego)
Unconscious - instinct fears and selfish motives, repressed ideas (superego, ID)

Question 2

what is the superego?

Answer 2

the ethical component of the personality that provides the moral standards by which the ego operates (conscience)

Question 3

what is the ego ?

Answer 3

part of you that considers social reality, rules and deciding how to behave
working out realistic ways to support the demands of the ID
enforces reality vs principle

Question 4

what is the ID?

Answer 4

always there but prominent during infancy, where impulses reside, shaped by experiences

Question 5

psychosexual stages of development are determined by?

Answer 5

the developing reproductive and biology/sexuality of the child

Question 6

erogenous zone

Answer 6

an area of the body that produces pleasurable feeling

Question 7

psychosexual developmental stages

Answer 7

oral (0-18 months)
anal (18-36 months)
phallic (3-6 years)
latent (6 years-puberty)
genital (puberty-death)

Question 8

oral stage associated fixations

Answer 8

0-18 months
over doing or underdoing
taking away nourishing breast too soon or too late
* leads to conflict of too little or too much satisfaction of oral needs
may lead to oral fixation (smoking, drinking, excessive talking)

Question 9

anal stage associated fixations

Answer 9

18- 36 months
withholding and releasing feces at will (potty training)
harsh potty training may lead to: explosive vs retentive
anal explosive
* sees messiness as a statement of personal control
* is somewhat destructive and hostile
anal retentive
* fear of making a mess, passive rebellion (refuses to go, retains feces)
* stingy, stubborn adults

Question 10

phallic stage associated fixations

Answer 10

3-6 years
awakening of sexual feelings and curiosity
- child masturbates
- child discovers difference between sexes
castration anxiety vs penis envy, identifies with same sex parent
if parent attraction is encouraged, results in
- vanity
- promiscuity
- mama’s boy

Question 11

latent stage associated fixations

Answer 11

6 - puberty
sexual feelings for opposite sex remain hidden
physical social and intellectual growth
cooties era, alot of same sex play

Question 12

genital stage associated fixations

Answer 12

puberty till death
body is changing, sexual feelings cant be ignored
entry into adult behavior

Question 13

oedipus complex

Answer 13

boys develop sexual attraction to mother and jealousy of the father
* leading to feeling of anxiety and fear of father
* boy represses sexual feeling and identifies with father , tries to be like him to suppress anxiety

Question 14

elektra complex

Answer 14

girls develop attraction to father, identifies with mother
* The result of identification is development of the superego, the internalized moral values of the same sex parent

Question 15

what is erikson’s theory of psychosocial development?

Answer 15

people advance through the stages of development based on how they adjust to social crises throughout their lives

Question 16

ego syntonic?

Answer 16

prosocial development : appropriate response to the situation
Successful achievement of task in crisis leads to growth and success with later tasks

Question 17

ego dystonic?

Answer 17

maladaptive development : inappropriate behavior or responses against one’s will
Failure to achieve success in a developmental task results in
disapproval by society and difficulty with later tasks

Question 18

first year crisis

Answer 18

trust vs mistrust

Question 19

second year crisis

Answer 19

autonomy vs shame and doubt

Question 20

3-5 year crisis

Answer 20

initiative vs guilt

Question 21

6 years - puberty crisis

Answer 21

industry vs inferiority

Question 22

adolescence crisis

Answer 22

identity vs role confusion

Question 23

young adulthood crisis

Answer 23

intimacy vs isolation

Question 24

middle adulthood crisis

Answer 24

generativity vs stagnation

Question 25

late adulthood crisis

Answer 25

integrity vs despair

Question 26

eriksons ego definition

Answer 26

The individual center of organized experience and planning

Question 27

eriksons definition of epigenesis

Answer 27

A progression through time of a differentiation of parts that depend on the proper development in the proper sequence of each item (psychosocial theory)

Question 28

what is group identity?

Answer 28

A group’s ways of organizing experience - this is transmitted to an infant in early experiences which shapes the ego

Question 29

what are the key elements that influence group identity?

Answer 29

* Geographic and historical perspectives/ culture and * Economic goals and means The collective life plan, what you strive to be in the future

Question 30

elements of the ego identity

Answer 30

bodily sexual social occupational

Question 31

what factors affect the development of the ego identity?

Answer 31

one's social environment, personal attitudes, parents, and peers. if adolescents conform to norms of society, they may not achieve their own identity if people are punished for autonomy they also cant achieve

Question 32

what is trust?

Answer 32

the cornerstone of a healthy personality

Question 33

where does erikson stand on personality development?

Answer 33

personality develops in a predetermined order through eight stages of psychosocial development, from infancy to adulthood. During each stage, the person experiences a psychosocial crisis which could have a positive or negative outcome on personality development

Question 34

social moratorium

Answer 34

the attempt to fit into different roles before choosing a permanent commitment to a new found identity during the process of discovering the individual self ** Distended because of how complex the world is now so its complex and takes longer to figure things out

Question 35

agency

Answer 35

the active assertion of the self over and against the surrounding environment, establishing one self seen through self mastery, status, responsibility, achievement and empowerment

Question 36

identity consolidation

Answer 36

a process of investing oneself in new adult roles, responsibilities, and contexts and evaluating one's ongoing experience in order to construct a coherent, grounded, and positive identity

Question 37

what does the infant stage establish?

Answer 37

a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence If the care has been inconsistent, unpredictable and unreliable, then the infant may develop a sense of mistrust, suspicion, and anxiety

Question 38

too much screen time may lead to

Answer 38

Sleep problems. Lower grades in school. Reading fewer books. can lead to conduct disorder

Question 39

APA's view on screen time

Answer 39

no screen time at all for children until 18 to 24 months, except for video chatting kids ages 2 to 5 should get an hour or less of screen time per day.

Question 40

adolescence

Answer 40

preparing for your life as an adult and functioning in the ecosystem emerging adulthood to find stability in work love and play