cardiac lab

Question 1

where is cardiac muscle located?

Answer 1

in the heart wall and is responsible for involuntary contractions of heart chambers

Question 2

atria

Answer 2

receive blood from great veins, thin walls small chambers

Question 3

ventricles

Answer 3

pump blood to arteries, thick walls big chambers

Question 4

semilunar valves

Answer 4

regulate blood flow between arteries and ventricles by pressure
ventricular pressure > arterial pressure, ventricles will pump blood into arteries

Question 5

atrioventricular valves

Answer 5

atrial pressure > ventricular pressure, blood flows from atria to ventricles

Question 6

endocardium

Answer 6

simple squamous CT
lines the heart wall and chambers

Question 7

myocardium

Answer 7

cardiac muscle fibers, thick
muscles responsible for pumping action of the heart

Question 8

epicardium

Answer 8

visceral pericardium

Question 9

right side of the heart controls

Answer 9

pulmonary circulation, receiving

Question 10

left side of the heart controls

Answer 10

systemic circulation, pumping

Question 11

blood pressure

Answer 11

pressure that blood exerts on the heart walls during contractions

Question 12

systolic vs diastolic

Answer 12

120/80
peak of ventricular ejections vs ventricular relaxation

Question 13

rapid depolarization due to

Answer 13

influx of sodium, causing sodium channels to close

Question 14

plateau due to

Answer 14

calcium influx hits highest point then plateaus, leaves opening for potassium leakage

Question 15

repolarization due to

Answer 15

potassium leaves the cell and potassium channel will close (relative refractory period)

Question 16

fibrillation

Answer 16

rapid uncoordinated heart contractions

Question 17

average pulse

Answer 17

70-76 bpm

Question 18

SA node

Answer 18

sinoatrial node, generates impulses (pacemaker)
right atrium

Question 19

parasympathetic nerves releases________
which binds to _________. this results in

Answer 19

acetylcholine, M2 receptor in SA node
bradycardia

Question 20

sympathetic nerves releases _______ which binds to __________. this results in

Answer 20

norepinephrine, B1 receptor on SA node
tachycardia

Question 21

ECG

Answer 21

PQRST

Question 22

P

Answer 22

atrial depolarization

Question 23

Q

Answer 23

atrial repolarization

Question 24

R

Answer 24

ventricle depolarization

Question 25

S

Answer 25

deflection of ventricular depolarization

Question 26

T

Answer 26

ventricular repolarization

Question 27

P wave

Answer 27

atria depolarize

Question 28

T wave

Answer 28

ventricles repolarize

Question 29

membrane potential low/high

Answer 29

• 90 mv
  + 30 mv

Question 30

what produces the QRS complex?

Answer 30

ventricle depolarization

Question 31

veins

Answer 31

carry deoxygenated blood into the heart (pump)

Question 32

arteries

Answer 32

carry blood out of the heart (receiving)