Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych243 > Midterm #3 - Ch. 7 Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence > Flashcards

Midterm #3 - Ch. 7 Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

puberty

A
  • brain-neuroendocrine process occurring primarily in early adolescence
  • rapid physical changes, not a single event
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

primary characteristic changes in puberty

A
  • menstruation
  • growth of penis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

secondary characteristic changes in puberty

A
  • growth of pubic hair
  • development of breasts
  • changes in voice
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

hormones

A
  • powerful chemical substances secreted by the endocrine glands and carried through the body by the bloodstream
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

hypothalamus

A
  • brain structure that monitors eating and sex
  • increased release of the hypothalamic hormone stimulates the pituitary gland
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pituitary gland

A
  • endocrine gland
  • controls growth and regulates other glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

gonads

A
  • testes in males and ovaries in females
  • release testosterone and estrogen
  • important to giving rise to pubertal changes in the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

early maturing boys

A
  • perceive themselves more positively and have more successful peer relations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

early maturing girls

A
  • increases girls’ vulnerability to smoking, drinking, depression, and eating disorders
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

corpus callosum

A
  • where nerve fibres connect the brain’s left and right hemispheres
  • thicken in adolescence, improves ability to process info
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what age does the prefrontal cortex finish developing?

A
  • 18-25yrs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

limbic system

A
  • matures earlier than the prefrontal cortex, almost completely developed by adolescence
  • seat of emotions, where rewards are experienced
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

amygdala

A
  • limbic system structure
  • especially involved in emotion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

benefits of exercise

A
  • reduced triglyceride levels
  • lower BP
  • lower incidence of type 2 diabetes
  • reduce depressive symptoms
  • lower risk of obesity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

psychological and physical maltreatment leads to increased ________

A
  • substance abuse
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

anorexia nervosa

A
  • relentless pursuit of thinness through starvation
  • typically begins in the early to middle adolescent years
  • family therapy is often the most effective treatment
17
Q

bulimia nervosa

A
  • binge and purge pattern
  • typically fall within normal weight range
  • 90% of people with disorder are women
  • typically begins in late adolescence/early adulthood
18
Q

formal operational stage

A
  • Piaget
  • around 11yrs
  • abstract thought, make-believe situations, abstract propositions, and hypothetical events
19
Q

hypothetical deductive reasoning

A
  • formal operational stage
  • creating a hypothesis and deducing its implications
  • providing ways to test the hypothesis
20
Q

evaluating Piaget’s theory

A
  • development isn’t as stage-like
  • culture and education exert a stronger influence on development than Piaget argued
21
Q

imaginary audience

A
  • adolescent belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are
22
Q

personal fable

A
  • sense of uniqueness and invincibility
  • makes adolescents believe that no one can understand how they truly feel
23
Q

executive function

A
  • higher level cognitive processes linked to the development of the prefrontal cortex
24
Q

cognitive control

A
  • executive function
  • controlling attention, reducing interfering thoughts and being cognitively flexible
  • key aspect of learning and thinking in adolescence and emerging in adulthood
25
Q

decision-making

A
  • executive functioning
  • adolescence is an increased time of decision-making
  • when adolescents have to make decisions in stressful or emotional contexts, they often make risky choices
26
Q

menarche

A
  • girl’s first menstruation
27
Q

sexual orientation

A
  • sexual attraction: feelings independent of behaviours
  • sexual behaviour: person’s sexual partners, sex, or gender
  • sexual identity: individuals’ social identity
28
Q

adolescent pregnancy

A
  • associated with preterm birth, low birth weight, low Apgar scores, and increased mortality
29
Q

hot cognition

A
  • inhibitory control reduced in a more arousing context
30
Q

top-dog phenomenon

A
  • moving from oldest, biggest, most powerful students in elementary to youngest, smallest, least powerful
31
Q

service learning

A
  • promotes social responsibility and service to community
  • more successful when students choose activity and can reflect on positive benefits
  • tutoring, helping older adults, assisting at a childcare center

Psych243 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions