Midterm #1 - Ch.2 Biological Beginnings Flashcards
1
Q
the evolutionary perspective/theory
A
- evolution determines how we perceive the world
- adaption, reproduction, and survival shape all behaviour
2
Q
three components of evolution development psychology
A
- human “childhood” extended
- evolve “domain specific” psychological mechanisms for specific needs
- evolved “mechanisms” aren’t always adaptive
3
Q
sources of variability
A
- unidentical copies of chromosomes
- mutated genes
- differences in genotype and phenotype
4
Q
polygenetic inheritance
A
- inherited genes from ancestors
- height, intelligence, skin colour
4
Q
behaviour genetics
A
studies influence of heredity and environment on differences in human traits and development
5
Q
passive genotype-environment correlations
A
bio parents give environment that transfers interests and inclinations to a child
6
Q
evocative genotype-environment correlations
A
child’s characteristics elicit certain types of environments
7
Q
active genotype-environment correlations
A
child seeks environments they find compatible and stimulating
8
Q
epigenetics
A
- how environment influences gene expression
- bidirectional interchange of heredity and environment = development
9
Q
germinal stage
A
- 2 weeks after conception
- attachment of multicellular organism to uterine wall
10
Q
embryonic stage
A
- 2 to 8 weeks after conception
- organs and brain develop
- support systems for cells form
10
Q
fetal stage
A
- 2 months until birth
- fetus becomes active, and viable as early as 6 months
- face, forehead, eyelids, nose, and chin distinguishable
11
Q
endoderm
A
inner layer of cells
12
Q
ectoderm
A
- outermost layer
- becomes nervous system, sensory receptors, and skin parts
13
Q
mesoderm
A
- middle layer
- surround internal areas
- become circulatory system, bones, muscles, and reproductive system
