Midterm 2: Patient SB and Marr's level

Question 1

How do empiricists view perception?

Answer 1

All knowledge starts from experience

Question 2

Explain the case of Patient SB

Answer 2

Patient SB was a man who had been blind for nearly all his life due to cataracts and had his sight restored through surgery in his 50s. Although he could see objects after the operation, he struggled to recognize or make sense of what he was seeing because his brain had not developed the neural pathways typically formed through visual experience. For example, he couldn’t initially identify familiar objects by sight alone, even though he could recognize them by touch.

Question 3

Explain who G. M. Stratton

Answer 3

He is best known for his experiments involving vision inversion, where he wore special glasses that inverted images both vertically and horizontally. These studies provided significant insights into how the brain adapts to altered sensory inputs.

Question 4

What was Stratton’s work with prisms?

Answer 4

Stratton conducted a famous experiment where he wore specially designed prism goggles that inverted his visual field. These goggles made everything appear upside-down and reversed. Initially, when he put on the goggles, his perception was drastically altered, and he found it difficult to navigate his environment and perform everyday tasks.
Stratton wore these goggles continuously for several days to see if his brain could adapt. Over time, he reported that his perception started to adjust. He gradually became more comfortable with the altered view, and his brain began to correct the visual information, allowing him to perceive and navigate his environment more normally despite the inverted input. When he finally removed the goggles, he temporarily experienced disorientation as his brain had to readjust to seeing things in their natural orientation.

Question 5

First marrs level

Answer 5

Computational

Question 6

Second marrs level

Answer 6

Representational/Algorithmic

Question 7

Third marrs level

Answer 7

Hardware implementation

Question 8

• WHAT is being computed
• the goal
• WHY we’re computing

Answer 8

Computational theory

Question 9

• HOW to reach the goal
• input and output of the process
• an algorithm

Answer 9

Representational/ Algorithmic

Question 10

• the device in which the process is to be realized physically

Answer 10

Hardware Implementation