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Principles > Microbiology - Systematic Bacteriology 2 > Flashcards

Microbiology - Systematic Bacteriology 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is virulence?

A

The damage a microbe has on the host.

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2
Q

What are exogenous microorganisms?

A

Something that is not part of the normal flora.

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3
Q

What is a pathogen?

A

A harmful organism that produces a pathology.

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4
Q

What is a commensal?

A

An organism that is part of the normal flora (endogenous).

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5
Q

What is an opportunistic pathogen?

A

An organism that causes infection when opportunity arises.

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6
Q

What are the 5 infectious agents?

A

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, parasites and prions.

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7
Q

What are 2 examples of gram negative prokaryotic pathogens?

A

Neisseria spp. and Escherichia spp.

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8
Q

What are 4 examples of gram positive prokaryotic pathogens?

A

Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp. and Clostridium.

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9
Q

What do aerobic gram negative cocci appear as on Gram film and what are 2 examples?

A

In pairs, Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

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10
Q

What are examples of Gm -ve bacteria associated with the GI tract?

A

Gut commensal coliforms and significant gut pathogens.

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11
Q

What does coliform mean?

A

Species of Gm -ve bacilli that look like E. coli on Gram film.

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12
Q

What is the 1st line antibiotic used for the treatment of infections caused by coliforms?

A

Gentamicin.

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13
Q

What does SIRS stand for?

A

Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome.

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14
Q

What are examples of Gram positive pathogens?

A

Streptococcus and Enterococcus.

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15
Q

What is hemolysis?

A

Destruction and rupturation of RBC.

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16
Q

How do you identify Streptococcus spp.?

A

Hemolysis.

17
Q

What are the 3 results of hemolysis and which shows Streptococcus is present?

A

Alpha, beta and gamma.
Alpha has a green colour (pneunomia)
Beta has bleaching and is results of Group A Strep.
Gamma has no effect, enterococci.

18
Q

What associated diseases does Group A Strep. cause?

A

Scarlet Fever, Beta-haemolytic, streptococcus pyogenes, invasive diseases and peurperal sepsis.

19
Q

What is the first line of treatment for infections caused by anaerobes?

A

Metronidazole.

20
Q

What is pneumonia?

A

Acute inflammation of lungs, caused by inhaled pneumococci.

21
Q

Is Enterococci a problem?

A

Part of natural bowel flora, can cause problems if they get into naturally sterile sites.

22
Q

Which type of staphylococcus is Gm +ve and -ve?

A

Staph. aureus is +ve

Staph. Epidermis is -ve.

Principles (36 decks)

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