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Principles > Anatomy - How clinicians communicate > Flashcards

Anatomy - How clinicians communicate Flashcards

1
Q

What is the anatomical position?

A

Fee facing forward, head, shoulders, palms and eyes facing anterior. Standing fully erect.

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2
Q

What are the 3 anatomical planes?

A

Transverse/axial
Frontal/coronal
Sagittal

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3
Q

What does the transverse/axial plane do?

A

Split the body into an upper and lower region.

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4
Q

What does the frontal/coronal plane do?

A

Split the body into an anterior and posterior region.

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5
Q

What does the sagittal plane do?

A

Splits the body into half creating a left and right side.

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6
Q

What does left and right mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

Left and right always from the patients side.

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7
Q

What does anterior/ventral and posterior/dorsal mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Anterior = front
Posterior = back
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8
Q

What does Superior/cranial/rostral and inferior/caudal mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Superior = closer to the top of the head 
Inferior = further from the top of the head
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9
Q

What does medial and lateral mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Medial = closer to the centre line of the body
Lateral = further away from the centre of the body
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10
Q

What does proximal and distal mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Proximal = Closer to the joint attached to the body
Distal = further away from the joint attached to the body
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11
Q

What does Superficial and deep mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Superficial = closer to the surface 
Deep = further away from the surface
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12
Q

What does external and internal mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
External = further away from centre of body
Internal = Closer to centre of body
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13
Q

What are the dorsal sides of the wrist, hand, tongue and feet?

A 
Wrist = posterior
Hand = posterior
Tongue = posterior
Feet = superior
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14
Q

What are the opposites of dorsal for the wrist, hand, tongue and feet?

A 
Wrist = volar
Hand = palmer
Tongue = ventral
Feet = plantar
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15
Q

What does major and minor mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Major = relatively larger of structures with same names
Minor = relatively smaller of structures with same names
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16
Q

What does unilateral mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

A single structure on one side.

17
Q

What does midline mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

A single structure in the midline of the body

18
Q

What does bilateral mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

1 structure on both sides of the body

19
Q

What does contralateral mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

Different sides

20
Q

What does ipsilateral mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

Same sides

21
Q

What does superolateral mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

High and to the side.

22
Q

What does flexion and extension mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Flexion = decreasing the angle between the bones
Extension = increasing the angle between the bones
23
Q

What does abduction and adduction mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Abduction = movement away from the median plane
Adduction = movement towards the median plane
24
Q

What does later and medial rotation mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A

Lateral rotation = rotation away from the medial plane

Medial rotation = rotation towards the medial plane.

25
Q

What is circumduction?

A

The circular movement at a joint

26
Q

What does eversion and inversion mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Eversion = sole of foot rotates away from median plane
Inversion = sole of foot rotates towards median plane
27
Q

What does pronation and supination mean in anatomical terms of relationship?

A 
Pronation = anterior surface of forearm rotates so palm is posterior
Supination = anterior surfaces of the forearm rotates so palm is anterior
28
Q

What is abduction of the digits?

A

Spreading of the fingers.

29
Q

What is adduction of the digits?

A

Closing of spread fingers.

30
Q

What is pronation of the palm?

A

Back of the hand is facing anterior

31
Q

What is supination of the palm?

A

Palm is facing anterior

32
Q

What is abduction of the thumb?

A

Taking the thumb anteriorly away from the palm (duck beak motion)

33
Q

What is adduction of the thumb?

A

Adding the thumb back to the palm

34
Q

What is extension of the thumb?

A

The thumb moving laterally away from the palm in the coronal plane

35
Q

What is flexion of the thumb?

A

Thumb crossing over the palm in a medial direction

Principles (36 decks)

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