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Hs1922 > Microbiology > Flashcards

Microbiology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main types of micro-organisms?

A

Bacteria
Viruses
Fungi
Protozoa

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2
Q

What are eukaryotes?

A

Micro-organisms with a nucleus and genetic material (fungi, Protozoa, humans)

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3
Q

What are prokaryotes?

A

Micro-organisms with no nucleus (bacteria, viruses)

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4
Q

Name 4 characteristics of bacteria?

A 
It is a eukaryote
Single cell organism
Capsule on the outside
Cell wall 
Plasma membrane
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5
Q

What are the two types of cell classification?

A

Gram-positive (takes up stain)

Gram-negative (doesn’t retain stain)

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6
Q

Bacterial infection produces 2 toxins, what are they?

A

Exotoxins and Endotoxin

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7
Q

What are the requirements for bacterial growth?

A 
Oxygen (aerobes) or not (anaerobes)
Nutrition 
Temp
Water
pH
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8
Q

What is bacterial cell multiplication called?

A

Binary Fission

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9
Q

What are the four stages of bacterial growth?

A

Lag phase
Log phase (large increase)
Stationary phase
Death phase

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10
Q

Name 4 characteristics of viruses?

A 
Prokaryote 
Need a host cell
Have outer lipid and protein envelope 
Contain RNA and DNA
(Flu, cold, HIV)
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11
Q

3 characteristics of fungi?

A

Eukaryote
Have Nucleus and mitochondria
Need other organisms for nutrition

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12
Q

Is Protozoa and eukaryote or a prokaryote?

A

Eukaryote

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13
Q

Name 4 types of protozoa?

A

Single cell animals

Amoebas
Ciliates
Flagellates
Sporozoa

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14
Q

What can microbes do in the human body?

A

Digest food
Synthesise vitamins
Metabolise drugs
Detoxify carninogens

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15
Q

What is another name for good bacteria?

A

Commensal

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16
Q

What are bad bacteria called?

A

Pathogens

17
Q

Name the two sources of infections?

A

Endogenous (normal flora turned pathogenic)

Exogenous (from an outside source)

18
Q

What factors affect susceptibility?

A 
Immune system
Age
Existing co-morbidities
Poor diet
Poor blood supply
Medication
19
Q

What is a nosocomial infection?

A

Hospital acquired

20
Q

What is a nosohusial infection?

A

Community acquired infection.

21
Q

How can you destroy bacteria? (3)

A

Sterilisation (heat)
Disinfection (antimicrobials)
Sanitisation (soap and water)

Hs1922 (19 decks)

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