Cells 2 Flashcards
What is included in the cytoplasm? (1)
Everything inside the plasma membrane except the nucleus. Including organelles and cytosol.
What is dissolved inside the cytosol? (7)
Proteins, fatty acids, lipids, ATP, waste products, amino acids, glucose, ions.
What is an inclusion?
Compound too large to dissolve in cytosol or attach to membrane. eg lipids, glycogen, pigments
What are centrosomes? (2)
Made up of centrioles, organise cytoplasm and cytoskeleton. One in every cell. Used in cell replication.
What is mitochondria?
Powerhouse of the cell, site of ATP production, includes DNA, contains double membrane with an internal mitochondrial matrix.
What ribosomes do?
Site of protein synthesis, ribosomes make proteins in nucleus for export, those cytoplasm make proteins for cell itself.
Where are ribosomes?(2)
In the endoplasmic reticulum around nucleus, floating in the cytoplasm,
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum?
New proteins synthesised in ribosomes in ER
Network of membranes for the ribosomes to attach to, flows from nucleus out to all of cell.
What is synthesised in ROUGH ER?
Ribosomes attached to rough ER make proteins, proteins then enter smooth ER to be modified.
What is synthesised in SMOOTH ER?
Lipids.
What is the function of the golgi complex?
Receives immature proteins and matures them for export. Sometimes exported in secretory vesicles.
What is a lysosome?
Membrane enclosed vesicles with digestive enzymes inside.
Destroy pathogens and dead cell parts.
