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2nd SEM > microbio feb28 > Flashcards

microbio feb28 Flashcards

1
Q

organisms that have found a permanent home in some area of the body

A

Normal Flora/ Microbiota

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2
Q

microorganisms that establish residence in the host but do not produce a disease

A

Normal Flora/ Microbiota

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3
Q

not a permanent resident to one location

A

Transient Flora

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4
Q

microbe and host are both benefit

A

Symbiosis/ Mutualism

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5
Q

Symbiosis / Mutualism examples

A

Lactobacilli in the intestines synthesizes Vitamins K and B

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6
Q

one is benefited and the other is harmed

A

Parasitism

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7
Q

Parasitism examples

A

Staphylococcus on the skin
Neisseria in the throat

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8
Q

one is benefited and the other is unaffected

A

Commensalism

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9
Q

the host doesn’t show evidence of benefit or harm

A

Commensalism

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10
Q

Commensalism example

A

Mycobacterium smegmatis on the foreskin of the penis

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11
Q

normal flora can benefit the host by preventing the growth of other organisms

A

Mutual Antagonism

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12
Q

Mutual Antagonism examples

A

Penicillium on bacteria
Lactobacilli in the intestines

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13
Q

microbes that are potential pathogens

A

Opportunists

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14
Q

microorganisms that become pathogenic when the host is immunocompromised

A

Opportunists

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15
Q

Normal Flora of the Different Parts of the Body

A
  1. skin
  2. eyes
  3. respiratory tract
  4. digestive tract
  5. genito-urinary tract
  6. blood
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16
Q

a disease causing microorganism

A

pathogen

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17
Q

invasion or colonization of a host

A

infection

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18
Q

absence of ease ;
a condition of the body in which the functions are disturbed or deranged

A

disease

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19
Q

signs and symptoms

redness

A

Rubor

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20
Q

signs and symptoms

heat/fever

A

Calor

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21
Q

signs and symptoms

pain

A

Dolor

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22
Q

signs and symptoms

swelling / edema

A

Tumor

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23
Q

signs and symptoms

loss of function

A

Functio laesa

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24
Q

occurs for a short time but the disease is rapid and severe;
seen in most hospital patients

A

Acute

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25
Q

occurs for a long time but milder and long lasting

A

Chronic

26
Q

microbes are inactive but gets active to cause a disease

A

Latent

27
Q

occurring in a small area

A

localized

28
Q

wide area or throughout the body

A

systemic

29
Q

from a specific point spreading to other parts

A

focal

30
Q

bacteria in blood

A

bacteremia

31
Q

multiplication of bacteria in blood

A

septicemia

32
Q

toxins in blood

A

toxemia

33
Q

occasional

A

sporadic

34
Q

sporadic example

A

leprosy

35
Q

constantly present in small number of population

A

endemic

36
Q

endemic example

A

diarrhea

37
Q

occurs for a short time but to a great number of population

A

epidemic

38
Q

epidemic examples

A

measles
diphtheria
cholera

39
Q

worldwide

A

pandemic

40
Q

pandemic examples

A

Asian flu
SARS
AIDS

41
Q

illness due to the transmission of the products of an etiologic agent or reservoir to a susceptible host directly or indirectly

A

communicable disease

42
Q

illness due to direct transmission of etiologic agent from reservoir to susceptible host

A

contagious disease

43
Q

the causative agent of a disease

A

etiologic agent

44
Q

radiation, increase or decrease in temperature

A

physical

45
Q

lead, alcohol, mercury

A

chemical

46
Q

undernourishment, obesity, kwashiorkor

A

nutritional

47
Q

bacterial, viral, mycotic, parasitic

A

infectious

48
Q

involves the mode of transmission

A

environment

49
Q

physical transfer of etiologic agent

A

mechanical

50
Q

disease transferred are mostly fungal and STD

A

Physical Contact

51
Q

transfer of microbes being expelled by coughing or sneezing of infected person reaching another who is close by

A

droplet

52
Q

injections

A

percutaneous

53
Q

needs intermediate agents

A

indirect transmission

54
Q

more complicated;
etiologic agent undergoes biological change as it is transferred from one reservoir to the new host also requires vectors

A

biological transmission

55
Q

intensity of the pathogenicity

A

virulence

56
Q

An example of this is: Neisseria vs. MTB

A

ability to multiply in-vitro

57
Q

in general, more pathogens would mean more chances of infection

A

number of pathogens

58
Q

there would be no disease if the host’s resistance is high enough to prevent infection

A

resistance of the host

59
Q

interval from infection to the first signs and symptoms

A

Prodromal / Incubation Period

60
Q

shows the signs and symptoms

A

Clinical / Illness Period

61
Q

regaining of strength

A

Convalescence

2nd SEM (16 decks)

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