Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MICROBIOLOGY > MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND GROWTH > Flashcards

MICROBIAL NUTRITION AND GROWTH Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

is the study of the structures
and functions that allow bacteria to survive.

A

bacterial physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

needed for synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, some carbohydrates and lipids and as enzyme cofactors.

A

nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

needed for nucleotides
(including ATP), phospholipids, cofactors
and some proteins and cell components.

A

phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

needed for the synthesis of
amino acids cysteine and methionie, some carbohydrates, biotin and
thiamine.

A

sulfur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

is required for activity by number
of enzymes, including some of those involved in
protein synthesis.

A

Potassium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

contributes to the heat resistance of bacterial endospores.

A

Calcium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

serves as a cofactor for many
enzymes, complexes with ATP and stabilizes
ribosomes and cell membranes.

A

Magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

is a part of cytochromes and
a cofactor for enzymes and electron–carrying
proteins.

A

Iron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

inorganic elements required in small amounts

A

trace elements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

microorganisms that use light as their energy source.

A

phototroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

microorganisms that obtain
energy from the oxidation of chemical compounds (organic & inorganic
molecules).

A

chemotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

reduced inorganic substances as their
electron source.

A

Lithotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

extract electrons from organic compounds.

A

Organotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CO2 is the sole or principal biosynthetic carbon source.

A

autotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Reduced, preformed, organic
molecules are their carbon sources.

A

heterotrophs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Light Energy; Inorganic
Hydrogen Electron donor ;CO2

A

Photolithoautotrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Light Energy ; Organic
Hydrogen Electron donor ;Oxygen and Carbon source

A

Photoorganoheterotrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Chemical Energy Inorganic;
Inorganic Hydrogen Electron donor; CO2

A

Chemolithoautotrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Chemcial Energy Organic;
Organic Hydrogen Electron donor; Oxygen/Carbon
source.

A

Chemoorganoheterotrophy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Microorganisms that combine chemical, light, autotrophic & heterotrophic metabolic processes.

A

mixotropic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Bacteria reproduce by “binary fission”, a cell divides into two, two to four, four to
eight, etc.

A

microbial growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

group of cells large enough to be seen without a microscope.

A

colony

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

represents the number of live cells in a bacterial population over a period of time

A

bacterial growth curve

24
Q

an essential component in microbiology laboratories for the growth, isolation, and identification of microorganisms.

A

culture media

25
Q

is the substance which provides nutrients for the growth of microorganisms.

A

medium

26
Q

come readily poured into Petri dishes and slant tubes or in larger bottles.

A

solid media

27
Q

are readily sterilized and delivered in plastic bags, tubes and bottles of various sizes,

A

liquid media

28
Q

Contains specific known amounts of all essential nutrients

A

defined media

29
Q

Contains undefined or partially known amounts of nutrients.

A

complex media

30
Q

Contains additives that inhibit the growth of certain microorganisms.

A

selective media

31
Q

Contains indicators that help differentiate between different types of microorganisms.

A

differential media

32
Q

Used to cultivate a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria that require extra nutrients.

A

blood agar

33
Q

Selective for Gram-negative bacteria and differentiates between lactose fermenters and non-fermenters.

A

macconkey agar

33
Q

Used for fungal cultures due to its low pH and high sugar content.

A

sabouraud agar

34
Q

A loopful of culture is spread on an agar plate to get individual cells far apart enough from each other.

A

streak plates

35
Q

is a plating technique that is commonly used for obligate and anaerobic bacteria.

A

pour plates

36
Q

one of the fastest-growing bacteria, has an optimum generation time of about 10 minutes

A

Clostridium perfringens

37
Q

Cells are metabolically active and increase only in cell size. Upon inoculation into the new medium, bacteria do not immediately reproduce, and the population size remains constant

A

lag phase

38
Q

Cell numbers increase in a logarithmic fashion, and each cell generation occurs in the same time interval as the preceding ones, resulting in a balanced increase in the constituents of each cell.

A

Log phase

39
Q

The size of a population of bacteria remains constant, even though some cells continue to divide and others begin to die

A

stationary phase

40
Q

Death of cells in the population exceeds the formation of new cells.

A

death phase

41
Q

pathogenic bacteria grow best at

A

neutral or biological pH (6.8-7.4)

42
Q

Fungi prefer more _____ conditions

A

acidic (5-6)

42
Q

this pathogen is able to survive with the pH of the stomach by producing urease

A

Heliobacter pylori

43
Q

grows in acidic environments

A

acidophiles

44
Q

cold loving bacteria

A

pychropile

45
Q

moderate-temperature loving bacteria

A

mesophile

46
Q

heat-loving bacteria

A

thermophile

47
Q

live in habitats where there is high solute concentration

A

osmophiles

48
Q

requires high concentrations of salt

A

halophiles

49
Q

oxygen must be present in cultivation of microbe (Pseudomonas aeruginosa)

A

Strict, obligate aerobe

50
Q

requires complete absence of oxygen (Bacteriodes)

A

strict or obligate anaerobes

51
Q

adaptable organisms that use oxygen when present but can switch to anaerobe pathway in oxygen absence (E. coli)

A

facultative anaerobes

52
Q

only use low concentrations of oxygen (H. pylori)

A

microaerophilic

53
Q

carbon-dioxide loving bacteria

A

capnophilic

54
Q

bacteria communicate cell to cell through

A

quorum sensing

MICROBIOLOGY (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions