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FA - Microbiology > Micro - Virology (Overview of RNA viruses) > Flashcards

Micro - Virology (Overview of RNA viruses) Flashcards

Pg. 161-162 in First Aid 2014 Pg. 158-159 in First Aid 2013 Sections include: -RNA viruses -Negative-stranded viruses -Segemented viruses

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1
Q

Name the 15 RNA viruses.

A

(1) Reoviruses (2) Picornaviruses (3) Hepeviruses (4) Calciviruses (5) Flaviviruses (6) Togaviruses (7) Retroviruses (8) Coronaviruses (9) Orthomyxoviruses (10) Paramyxoviruses (11) Rhabdoviruses (12) Filoviruses (13) Arenaviruses (14) Bunyaviruses (15) Delta virus

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2
Q

What are the RNA viruses that do NOT have envelopes (i.e., naked RNA viruses)?

A

(1) Reoviruses (2) Picornaviruses (3) Hepevirus (4) Calciviruses

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3
Q

What are the only RNA viruses with double stranded RNA?

A

Reoviruses

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4
Q

Provide the following information for Reoviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) No (2) DS linear (10-12 segments) (3) Icosahedral (double)

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5
Q

Provide the following information for Picornaviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) No (2) SS + linear (3) Icosahedral

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6
Q

Provide the following information for Hepevirus: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) No (2) SS + linear (3) Icosahedral

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7
Q

Provide the following information for Calciviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) No (2) SS + linear (3) Icosahedral

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8
Q

What are the RNA viruses with an RNA structure of SS (-) linear?

A

(1) Orthomyxoviruses (2) Paramyxoviruses (3) Rhadoviruses (4) Filoviruses

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9
Q

What are the RNA viruses with an RNA structure of SS (-) circular?

A

(1) Arenaviruses (2) Bunyaviruses (3) Delta virus

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10
Q

What are the RNA viruses with an RNA structure of SS + linear?

A

(1) Picornaviruses (2) Hepevirus (3) Calciviruses (4) Flaviviruses (5) Togaviruses (6) Retroviruses (7) Coronaviruses

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11
Q

Provide the following information for Flaviviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS + linear (3) Icosahedral

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12
Q

Provide the following information for Togaviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS + linear (3) Icosahedral

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13
Q

Provide the following information for Retroviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS + linear (3) Icosahedral (HTLV), Complex and Conical (HIV)

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14
Q

Provide the following information for Coronaviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS + linear (3) Helical

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15
Q

Provide the following information for Orthomyxoviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS (-) linear (8 segments) (3) Helical

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16
Q

Which RNA virus has uncertain capsid symmetry?

A

Delta virus

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17
Q

Provide the following information for Paramyxoviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS (-) linear (nonsegmented) (3) Helical

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18
Q

Provide the following information for Rhabdoviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS (-) linear (3) Helical

19
Q

Provide the following information for Filoviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS (-) linear (3) Helical

20
Q

Provide the following information for Arenaviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS (-) circular (2 segments) (3) Helical

21
Q

Provide the following information for Bunyaviruses: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS (-) circular (3 segments) (3) Helical

22
Q

Provide the following information for Delta virus: (1) Envelope? (2) RNA structure (3) Capsid symmetry.

A

(1) Yes (2) SS (-) circular (3) Uncertain

23
Q

What are the 2 important Reoviruses and the conditions they cause?

A

(1) Coltivirus (an arbovirus = transmitted by arthropods) - Colorado tick fever (2) Rotavirus - #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children

24
Q

What kind of virus is Rotavirus? What is its significance?

A

Reoviruses; #1 cause of fatal diarrhea in children

25
Q

What are the 5 important Picornaviruses and the major things to associate with each.

A

(1) Poliovirus - polio-Salk/Sabin vaccines - IPV/OPV (2) Echovirus - aseptic meningitis (3) Rhinovirus - “common cold” (4) Coxsackievirus - aseptic meningitis; herpangina (mouth blisters, fever); hand, foot, and mouth disease; mycoarditis; pericarditis (5) HAV - acute viral hepititis; Think: “Picornavirus on a PERCH”

26
Q

What is the most important Hepevirus?

A

HEV

27
Q

What is the most important Calcivirus and the condition it causes?

A

Norovirus - viral gastroenteritis

28
Q

What are the 5 important Flaviviruses.

A

(1) HCV (2) Yellow fever (3) Dengue (4) St. Louis encephalitis (5) West Nile virus ; Note 2-5 = arboviruses (i.e., transmitted by arthropods)

29
Q

Again, what are the important Flaviviruses? Which of the important Flaviviruses are arboviruses?

A

(1) HCV (2) Yellow fever (3) Dengue (4) St. Louis encephalitis (5) West Nile virus ; Note 2-5 = arboviruses (i.e., transmitted by arthropods), not HCV

30
Q

What are the 3 important Togaviruses?

A

(1) Rubella (2) Eastern equine encephalitis (an aborvirus) (3) Western equine encephalitis (an aborvirus)

31
Q

What important enzyme do Retroviruses contain? What are the 2 important Retroviruses and the conditions that they cause?

A

Reverse transcriptase; (1) HTLV - T-cell leukemia (2) HIV - AIDS

32
Q

What are the two major diseases/conditions with which Coronaviruses are associated?

A

Coronavirus - “common cold” and SARS

33
Q

What is the most important Orthomyxovirus?

A

Influenza virus

34
Q

What are 3 major Paramyxoviruses? What is a common treatment for Paramyxovirus?

A

(1) Parainfluenza - croup (2) RSV - bronchiolitis in babies (3) Measles, Mumps; Rx - Ribavirin; Think: “PaRaMyxovirus = Parainfluenza, RSV/Rx - Ribavirin, Meales/Mumps”

35
Q

What is the important Rhabdovirus?

A

Rabies

36
Q

What is the medical importance of Filoviruses? More specifically, with what condition(s) are they associated?

A

Ebola/Marburg hemorrhagic fever - often fatal!

37
Q

More specifically, what are 2 important Arenaviruses? Which is spread by mice?

A

(1) LCMV - lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (2) Lassa fever encephalitis (spread by mice)

38
Q

What are 4 important Bunyaviruses and/or conditions caused by them?

A

(1) California encephalitis (due to an arbovirus) (2) Sandfly/Rift Valley fevers (due to an arbovirus) (3) Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (due to an arbovirus) (4) Hantavirus - hemorrhagic fever, pneumonia

39
Q

Again, what are the 4 important viruses/conditions of Bunyaviruses? Which of these are associated with an arbovirus?

A

(1) California encephalitis (due to an arbovirus) (2) Sandfly/Rift Valley fevers (due to an arbovirus) (3) Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (due to an arbovirus) (4) Hantavirus - hemorrhagic fever, pneumonia

40
Q

What is important to know about the limitation(s) of a particular Delta virus?

A

HDV is a “defective” virus that requires HBV co-infection

41
Q

What 2 things are negative-strand viruses required to do?

A

(1) Must transcribe negative strand to positive (2) Virion brings its own RNA-dependent RNA polymerase

42
Q

What are the negative-stranded RNA viruses?

A

(1) Arenaviruses (2) Bunyaviruses (3) Paramyxoviruses (4) Orthomyxoviruses (5) Filoviruses (6) Rhabdoviruses; Think: “Always Bring Polymerase Or Fail Replication”

43
Q

What do the segmented viruses all have in common? What are their names?

A

All are RNA viruses; They include: (1) Bunyaviruses (2) Orthomyxoviruses (3) Arenaviruses (4) Reoviruses; Think: “BOAR”

44
Q

What characterizes an arbovirus? Which 10 RNA viruses are arboviruses?

A

Transmitted by arthropods (mosquitoes, ticks); REOVIRUS - (1) Coltivirus, FLAVIVIRUSES - (2) Yellow fever, (3) Dengue, (4) St. Louis encephalitis, (5) West Nile virus, TOGAVIRUSES - (6) Eastern equine encephalitis, (7) Western equine enecephalitis, BUNYAVIRUSES - (8) California encephalitis, (9) Sandfly/Rift Valley fevers, (10) Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever

FA - Microbiology (43 decks)

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