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micro V last minute Flashcards

1
Q

form of coccidioodies immitis

A

dimorphic - mold in environement, yeast in tissue

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2
Q

form of cryptococcus neoforms

A

encapsulated yeast all the time

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3
Q

What does coccidiomomycosis look ilke in tissue

A

spherule

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4
Q

What does coccidiomycocis start as

A

mild to moderate flu like symptoms

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5
Q

What is the leading form of fungal menigitis

A

cryptococcus

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6
Q

where is crytococcosis found

A

throughtout the world

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7
Q

what is cryptococcosis associated with

A

pigeon shit

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8
Q

pulmonary disease of cryptococcus

A

flu like
little sputum production
little lung damge

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9
Q

what is common in AIDS patients with cryptococcosis

A

replase, require suppressive therapy

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10
Q

how do you treat menigitis from cryptococcis

A

long term treatment with amphotericine B and 5-fluortosine

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11
Q

who gets rhinocerebral zignmycosis

A

diabetic patents

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12
Q

how do you diagnose zygomycoses

A

broad aseptate hyphae branching at right angles

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13
Q

rhinocerebral zygomycosis symptoms

A

start as cold

go to facial/periorbal edema,

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14
Q

entamoeba histolytica

A

brain abscesses

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15
Q

plasmodium falciparum

A

cerebral malaria

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16
Q

protozoa

A

opportunisitic amoeba

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17
Q

PAM

A

splooshing water because of naegleia

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18
Q

how do you confirm PAM

A

observe trophozoites in CSF

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19
Q

GAE

A

caused by acanthamoba and balamuthia

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20
Q

how is GAE in relation to be PAM

A

develops slower

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21
Q

what happens in GAE

A

amoeba invade brain, result in slow developing ulcerative lesion

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22
Q

acanthameoba kertitis

A

chronic infectino of cornea

assocaited with contact lens

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23
Q

What happens to HIV patients with toxoplasmosis

A

get encephalisits with ring enhancing lesion

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24
Q

How do you test mom for toxoplasmsosis

A

IgM or rising IgG

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25
Q

how do you test neonate for toxoplamosis

A

IgM

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26
Q

how do you treat neonate with toxoplasmosis

A

treat for a year

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27
Q

what kind of lesion does cysticerus creat

A

space filling lesion

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28
Q

how do you diagnose taenia solium

A

CT, MRI, seology

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29
Q

toxocara canis and t. cati

A

granulamotus lesions develop

eggs not in human poop

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30
Q

what type of infection is most common in visceral larval migrans

A

eye infectino

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31
Q

how do you diagnose visceral larval migrans

A

eosinophilia

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32
Q

Bunyaviruses

A

lacrosse

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33
Q

Reoviruses

A

colorado tick fever

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34
Q

arenavirsues

A

lymphocytis choriomegitis

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35
Q

What is the major cause of arbovirus encephalitis in the US

A

STL

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36
Q

what is the resvoroir for JEV

A

birds and livestock

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37
Q

resevoirs for togaviruses

A

horses, rodents, birds

38
Q

who gets EEE most often

A

kids

39
Q

symptoms of EEE

A

sudden onset of fever, general muscle pains, headache

40
Q

resovoirs of lacrosse virus

A

chipmunks and tree squirrels

41
Q

how do rabies travel

A

enter perihperal nerves into CNS< then proliferates and sends back out to the CNS

42
Q

how do you confirm raabies

A

negri bodies

43
Q

how is LCMV spread

A

inhaling aerolized particles of urine, feces, salvia of house mouse

44
Q

what is the LCMV disaes like

A

biphagic - 1 week, time off, then gets work

45
Q

how do you treat LCMV

A

hospitalization

46
Q

transcient bactermic pattern

A

an upspike, then goes away

47
Q

what causes septic shock more often

A

gram neg

48
Q

what is the production of pyrogenic exotoxins assocaited with

A

streptococcal toxic shock syndrome

49
Q

what do pyrogenic exotoxins do

A

stimulate T cells by binding to class II major histcompatiblity complex

50
Q

v. vulnificus

A

hemorrhagic skin lesions in a septic person who recently ate raw osyters

51
Q

what can sometimes be the only symprtom of endocarditis

A

splenomegaly

52
Q

how do you treat v. streptococci

A

penicillin

vanco if resistant

53
Q

major critia for endocarditis

A

postive blood culture

postive echocardigrame, valve reguritation

54
Q

how does epstein barr virus enter the body

A

C3d component of complement system

55
Q

where does epstein barr virus replicate

A

epithelial and b cells

56
Q

LMP1 is a homologue to what

A

CD40

57
Q

LMP2

A

increased growth of B cells

58
Q

EBNA1

A

transaction of EBV transforming genes

inhibition of apoptosis

59
Q

pathogensis of mono

A

immune targeting of infected B cells

60
Q

antibodies to EV demonstrate what

A

IgM to viral capsid antigen

61
Q

DOwney celsl

A

present in mono

atypical T cells

62
Q

how do you treat burkitts lymphoma

A

chemo

63
Q

cofactors for burkitts lymphoma

A

chronic malaria

immune suppression

64
Q

reed sterberg cell

A

hodgkins

has 2 or more nuclei

65
Q

symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

A

facial pain
fullness in sinues and throat
hearing loss

66
Q

cofactors o nasopharygeal carcinoma

A

genetics

diet

67
Q

where does CMV replication take place

A

mucosal epitherlim

virum

68
Q

how is CMV tranmitted

A 
salivia
reast milk
urine
fomites
sex
69
Q

gancyclovir

A

IV or oral. converted to viral polymerase inhibitory

70
Q

valganciclovir

A

converted to ganclycovir in body. oral

71
Q

cidofovir

A

converted to viral polymerase inhibitor by cellular enzymes. more toxic IV

72
Q

foscarnet

A

direct inhibitor of CMV polyermase. renal toxic IV

73
Q

symptoms of cytomegalic inclusion body disease

A

hepatosplenomegaly
jaudince
petechiae

74
Q

how do you prevent cytomegalic inclusion disease

A

handwashing

avoid sharing drinks

75
Q

symptoms of CMV in immunosppressed people

A

spiking fever

76
Q

presetation of myocarditis

A

SOB
exervise intolerance
fatique

77
Q

mmumps genome

A

-ssRNA

78
Q

histology of kaposi’s sarcoma

A

spindle morphology

79
Q

how do you transmit HHV8

A

sex

needles

80
Q

HHV-8 associated disaes

A

castlemans

primary effusion lymphoma

81
Q

how do you terat KS

A

chemo
radation
sx

82
Q

presentatino of ATL

A

lymphadenopathy
hepatosplenomegaly
hypercalcemia
skin infilation

83
Q

how do you transmit HTLV

A

nursing
blood transufion
sex

84
Q

how do you treat african sleeping skickness

A

DFMO

85
Q

resevor for lesmaniaisis

A

dog, rats

86
Q

where are parasites in visceral lieshmanisis found

A

macrophages of liver, spleen, bone marrow

87
Q

lesimanissi symptoms

A

fever, weight loss, hepatosplenomegaly, wasting appearance

88
Q

resosor for babesisa

A

rodent cattle

89
Q

how do you terat babesis

A

atovaquone

z pak

90
Q

how do you diangose filiarisi

A

microfiliari in blood smear

91
Q

how do yo utreat filarisi

A

steroids

92
Q

how do you diagnose schistoma

A

eggs in feces or urine

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