Micro Revision

Question 1

Memory responses of innate immunity

Answer 1

Invertebrate innate responses and nk cells

Question 2

Soluble components of blood in innate immunity

Answer 2

Anti microbal peptides and proteins

Question 3

Soluble components of blood in adaptive immunity

Answer 3

Antibodies and cytokines

Question 4

Cells in adaptive immunity

Answer 4

T cells. B cells. APC

Question 5

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN)

Answer 5

Neutrophils

Question 6

Neutrophils are …. to …. per ML of blood but may rise up to ….

Answer 6

4k - 10k

20k

Question 7

…% is neutrophils
….% eosinophils
…% mast cells

Answer 7

50-70%
1-3%
1%

Question 8

Leukocytosis, is used medically as an indication of

Answer 8

Infection

Question 9

Cytokines that stimulate neutrophil production

Answer 9

colony- stimulating factors (CSFs),

Question 10

Macrophages produce cytokines to

Answer 10

induce and regulate inflammation

Question 11

Cytokines produced by dendritic cells have 2 functions

Answer 11

.Initiate inflammation

.Stimulate adaptive immune responses

Question 12

are lymphocyte-like cells that produce cytokines and perform functions similar to those of T lymphocytes but do not express T cell antigen receptors (TCRs).

Answer 12

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs)

Question 13

ILCs have been divided into three major groups based on their

Answer 13

secreted cytokines

Question 14

ILS correspond to

Answer 14

Th1, Th2, and Th17 subsets of CD4+ T cells.

Question 15

Extracellular bacteria and fungi are combated mainly by

Answer 15

acute inflammatory response, the complement system

Question 16

Intracellular bacteria are eliminated by

Answer 16

phagocytes that are activated by Toll-like receptors, cytokines

Question 17

Defense against viruses is provided by

Answer 17

type I interferons and natural killer cells

Question 18

Natural killer (NK) cells recognize infected and stressed cells and respond by

Answer 18

killing these cells

secreting the macrophage-activating cytokine IFN-γ

Question 19

NK cells make up approximately…% of the lymphocytes

Answer 19

10

Question 20

On activation by infected cells, NK cells

Answer 20

empty the contents of their cytoplasmic granules into the extracellular space at the point of contact with the infected cell. The granule proteins then enter infected cells and activate enzymes that induce apoptosis.

Question 21

NK cell–activating cytokines (they activate nk)

Answer 21

IL15
IFN 1
IL 12

Question 22

How does nk cells active macrophages

Answer 22

Macrophages produce IL12

NK cells are activated and therefore produces IFN Y