Micro 1

Question 1

What does immune mean in late English and what is its latin origin

Answer 1

Free from a liability

Immunis

Question 2

Immune definitions (2)

Answer 2

protected against particular disease by particular substances in the blood
protected from or unable to be influenced by something, esp. something bad

Question 3

Immune system definition

Answer 3

the collection of cells, tissues, and molecules that

mediate resistance to infections

Question 4

Immune response definition

Answer 4

the collective and coordinated response to the introduction of foreign substances in an individual mediated by the cells and molecules of the immune system

Question 5

Immunology

Answer 5

is the study of the immune system, including its responses to microbial pathogens and damaged tissues and its role in disease.

Question 6

Immunity

Answer 6

is resistance of a host to pathogens and their toxic effects

Question 7

discovered that cowpox induces protection against smallpox

Answer 7

Edward Jenner

Question 8

Louis Pasteur

Answer 8

experiments confirmed the germ theory of disease

he also created the first vaccine for rabies

Question 9

Ralph Marvin Steinman

Answer 9

discovery of the dendritic cell and its role in adaptive immunity

Question 10

James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo

Answer 10

discovery of cancer therapy by inhibition of negative immune regulation

Question 11

Bruce Beutler, Jules A. Hoffmann

Answer 11

discoveries concerning the activation of innate immunity

Question 12

The functions of the immune system

Answer 12

1. Defense against microorganisms and their products
2. Defense against the growth of tumor cells
3. The immune system recognizes and responds to tissue grafts and newly introduced proteins; barrier to transplantation and gene therapy
4. Homeostasis
5. destruction of abnormal or dead cells; control of tissue regeneration and scarring
   (e. g. dead red or white blood cells, antigen-antibody complex)

Question 13

How does the immune system defend the body against tumor cells

Answer 13

• kills the growth of tumor cells (potential for immunotherapy of cancer)

Question 14

What causes allergic, autoimmune and other inflammatory diseases.

Answer 14

The immune system inducing pathological inflammation

Question 15

What are the Two types of immunity?

Answer 15

Innate (non adaptive)

Acquired (adaptive)

Question 16

What does innate men in late English

Answer 16

To be born into

Question 17

What is the first line of immune response and what is the second

Answer 17

First: innate
Second: adaptive

Question 18

What mechanisms does each immunity rely on

Answer 18

Innate: mechanisms that exist before infection
Acquired: mechanisms that adapt after infection

Question 19

What is the acquired immunity handled by

Answer 19

T- and B- lymphocytes

Question 20

Innate immunity is called

Answer 20

Natural, native

Question 21

Innate immunity is based on

Answer 21

Genetic make up

Question 22

Memory of innate immune system

Answer 22

Non existent, same response after repeated exposure

Question 23

Why is the innate system not enhanced after repeated exposure

Answer 23

Because it Does not lead to clonal expansion

Question 24

3 components of innate immunity

Answer 24

• Mechanical barriers / surface secretion
• anatomic or physical (skin, mucous membranes)
(temperature, pH)
• Humoral mechanisms
• lysozymes, basic proteins, complement, interferons
• Cellular defense mechanisms
• natural killer cells neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, basophils, eosinophils