micro lecture chapter 4 (1) Flashcards

1
Q

1.7 X 10(-24) grams

A

Dalton: mass

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2
Q

1 Dalton, or 1.7 X 10(-24) grams

A

Proton: mass

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3
Q

1 Dalton, or 1.7 X 10(-24) grams

A

Neutron: mass

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4
Q

.0005 Daltons

A

Electron: mass

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5
Q

The number of protons in the atom.

A

Atomic number: definition

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6
Q

The number of protons plus neutrons in the atom.

A

Mass number: definition

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7
Q

Atoms that vary in their number of neutrons.

A

Isotopes: definition

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8
Q

The average of the mass numbers for a sample of

isotopes for some element.

A

Atomic weight: definition

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9
Q

The most common isotope of carbon has 6 protons,

6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. For carbon, what is 6?

A

The atomic number.

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10
Q

The most common isotope of carbon has 6 protons,

6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. For carbon, what is 12?

A

The most common mass number.

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11
Q

The most common isotope of carbon has 6 protons,

6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. For carbon, what is 12.01115?

A

The atomic weight.

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12
Q

An atom that has lost or gained electrons and

become electrically charged.

A

Ion: definition

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13
Q

The transfer of electrons.

A

Ionic bond: characterized by

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14
Q

NaCl (table salt)

A

Ionic bond: example

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15
Q

Ionic bonds are held together by the attraction

of true, opposite charges.

A

Ionic bond: held together

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16
Q

The sharing of electrons.

A

Covalent bond: characterized by

17
Q

The bonds within a single molecule of water.

A

Covalent bond: example

18
Q

The bond between two different water molecules.

A

Hydrogen bond: example

19
Q

Hydrogen bonds are held together by the

attraction of slight, opposite charges.

A

Hydrogen bond: held together

20
Q

Water is slow to change temperature because of the

hydrogen bonds.

A

Three properties of water: 1st property

21
Q

Water has very good cohesion because of the

hydrogen bonds.

A

Three properties of water: 2nd property

22
Q

Water is a very good solvent because it is a

polar molecule.

A

Three properties of water: 3rd property

23
Q

A substance that gives off hydrogen ions (H+)

in water.

Example: Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

A

Acid: definition, example

24
Q

A base either accepts hydrogen ions (H+) or gives

off hydroxide ions (OH-). Example of a base that

directly accepts hydrogen ions (H+): ammonia (NH3).

Example of a base that gives off hydroxide ions:

calcium hydroxide (CaOH2)

A

Base: definition, 2 examples

25
Q

The pH scale measures the hydrogen ion

concentration of a substance.

A

pH scale: measures

26
Q

If a substance has a hydrogen ion concentration of .0001,

we can rewrite that number as 10(-4) and the pH is 4.

A

pH: calculate

27
Q

pH 1: strong acid pH 6: weak acid pH 7: neutral

pH 8: weak base pH: 13: strong base

A

pH scale: examples

28
Q

A phospholipid bilayer with proteins in it.

A

Plasma membrane: describe the overall structure

29
Q

Glycoproteins are critical in transplants.

A

Plasma membrane diagram: Glycoproteins

30
Q

Receptor proteins may be bound to by a

molecule of insulin.

A

Plasma membrane diagram: Receptor proteins

31
Q

Channel proteins are critical in nerve impulse transmission.

A

Plasma membrane diagram: Channel proteins

32
Q

Carrier proteins change shape to transport glucose

into a cell.

A

Plasma membrane: Carrier proteins

33
Q

Aquaporins are a gate that only allows

water molecules to pass through.

A

Plasma membrane: Aquaporins