micro lecture chapter 4 (1)

Question 1

1.7 X 10(-24) grams

Answer 1

Dalton: mass

Question 2

1 Dalton, or 1.7 X 10(-24) grams

Answer 2

Proton: mass

Question 3

1 Dalton, or 1.7 X 10(-24) grams

Answer 3

Neutron: mass

Question 4

.0005 Daltons

Answer 4

Electron: mass

Question 5

The number of protons in the atom.

Answer 5

Atomic number: definition

Question 6

The number of protons plus neutrons in the atom.

Answer 6

Mass number: definition

Question 7

Atoms that vary in their number of neutrons.

Answer 7

Isotopes: definition

Question 8

The average of the mass numbers for a sample of

isotopes for some element.

Answer 8

Atomic weight: definition

Question 9

The most common isotope of carbon has 6 protons,

6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. For carbon, what is 6?

Answer 9

The atomic number.

Question 10

The most common isotope of carbon has 6 protons,

6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. For carbon, what is 12?

Answer 10

The most common mass number.

Question 11

The most common isotope of carbon has 6 protons,

6 neutrons, and 6 electrons. For carbon, what is 12.01115?

Answer 11

The atomic weight.

Question 12

An atom that has lost or gained electrons and

become electrically charged.

Answer 12

Ion: definition

Question 13

The transfer of electrons.

Answer 13

Ionic bond: characterized by

Question 14

NaCl (table salt)

Answer 14

Ionic bond: example

Question 15

Ionic bonds are held together by the attraction

of true, opposite charges.

Answer 15

Ionic bond: held together

Question 16

The sharing of electrons.

Answer 16

Covalent bond: characterized by

Question 17

The bonds within a single molecule of water.

Answer 17

Covalent bond: example

Question 18

The bond between two different water molecules.

Answer 18

Hydrogen bond: example

Question 19

Hydrogen bonds are held together by the

attraction of slight, opposite charges.

Answer 19

Hydrogen bond: held together

Question 20

Water is slow to change temperature because of the

hydrogen bonds.

Answer 20

Three properties of water: 1st property

Question 21

Water has very good cohesion because of the

hydrogen bonds.

Answer 21

Three properties of water: 2nd property

Question 22

Water is a very good solvent because it is a

polar molecule.

Answer 22

Three properties of water: 3rd property

Question 23

A substance that gives off hydrogen ions (H+)

in water.

Example: Hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Answer 23

Acid: definition, example

Question 24

A base either accepts hydrogen ions (H+) or gives

off hydroxide ions (OH-). Example of a base that

directly accepts hydrogen ions (H+): ammonia (NH3).

Example of a base that gives off hydroxide ions:

calcium hydroxide (CaOH2)

Answer 24

Base: definition, 2 examples

Question 25

The pH scale measures the hydrogen ion concentration of a substance.

Answer 25

pH scale: measures

Question 26

If a substance has a hydrogen ion concentration of .0001, we can rewrite that number as 10(-4) and the pH is 4.

Answer 26

pH: calculate

Question 27

pH 1: strong acid pH 6: weak acid pH 7: neutral pH 8: weak base pH: 13: strong base

Answer 27

pH scale: examples

Question 28

A phospholipid bilayer with proteins in it.

Answer 28

Plasma membrane: describe the overall structure

Question 29

Glycoproteins are critical in transplants.

Answer 29

Plasma membrane diagram: Glycoproteins

Question 30

Receptor proteins may be bound to by a molecule of insulin.

Answer 30

Plasma membrane diagram: Receptor proteins

Question 31

Channel proteins are critical in nerve impulse transmission.

Answer 31

Plasma membrane diagram: Channel proteins

Question 32

Carrier proteins change shape to transport glucose into a cell.

Answer 32

Plasma membrane: Carrier proteins

Question 33

Aquaporins are a gate that only allows water molecules to pass through.

Answer 33

Plasma membrane: Aquaporins