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micro and A+P > A + P lecture exam (1 and 2) > Flashcards

A + P lecture exam (1 and 2) Flashcards

1
Q

is the scientific discipline that investigates the body’s structure

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

is the scientific study of the chemistry & physics of the structures of the body and how they work together to support life (FUNCTION)

A

Physiology

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3
Q

there are 5 characteristics (or funtions) of life

A

organization, metabolism, responsiveness, movement, development

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4
Q

Atom Level
Compound/Molecule Level
Macromolecule
Organelle Level
Cell Level
Tissue Level
Organ Level Organ System Level
Organism Level

A

levels of organization

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5
Q

General Function:
Provides protection
Regulates temperature
Prevents water loss
Helps produce vitamin D
Contains sensory receptors (pain, touch, ect)
Organs Associated:
Skin
Hair
Nails
Sweat Glands
Oil Glands

A

Integumentary Organ System

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6
Q

General Function:
Provides protection & support
Allows body movements
Produces blood cells
Stores minerals and fat
Organs Associated:
Bones
Cartilages
Ligaments
Joints

A

skeletal organ system

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7
Q

General Function:
Produces body movements
Maintains posture
Produces body heat
Organs Associated:
Muscles
Tendons

A

muscular organ system

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8
Q

General Function:
Removes foreign substances
from blood and lymph
Combats disease
Maintains tissue fluid balance
Absorbs fats from digestive tract
Organs Associated:
Thymus
Lymphatic vessels
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Tonsils
Bone Marrow

A

lymphatic and immune

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9
Q

General Function:
Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air
Regulates blood pH
Organs Associated:
Lungs
Trachea
Respiratory passages

A

respiratory

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10
Q

General Function:
Performs the mechanical and chemical processes of digestion & absorption of nutrients
Eliminates waste
Organs Associated:
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Intestines: Large & Small
Gall Bladder
Liver

A

digestive

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11
Q

General Function:
Major regulatory system that detects sensation, interprets information, and communicates with cells through electrical signals
Maintains homeostasis
Organs Associated:
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Sensory receptors

A

nervous

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12
Q

General Function:
Secretes hormones
Regulates bodily processes through chemical messengers (aka: hormones)

Organs Associated:
Pituitary Gland
Thyroid Gland
Pancreas
Adrenal Gland
Testes
Ovaries

A

endocrine

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13
Q

General Function:
Transports nutrients, waste products, gases, & hormones throughout the body
Plays a role in the immune response
Plays a role in the regulation of body temperature
Organs Associated:
Heart
Blood vessels
Blood

A

cardiovascular

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14
Q

General Function:
Removes waste products from the blood
Regulates blood pH, ion balance, & water balance

Organs Associated:
Kidneys
Urinary bladder

A

urinary

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15
Q

Female Reproductive System
General Function:
Produces sex hormones and gametes
Supports embryo/fetus until birth

Organs Associated:
Ovaries
Uterus
Vagina

A

reproductive

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16
Q

Male Reproductive System

General Function:
Produces sex hormones and gametes
Delivers gametes to female

Organs Associated:
Testes
Epididymis
Penis

A

reproductive

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17
Q

requirements for human life

A

oxygen nutrients temperature pressure

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18
Q

person standing erect face forward upper limbs hanging to the sides palms of hands facing forward

A

correct anatomical position

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19
Q

supine

A

facing up

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20
Q

prone

A

face down

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21
Q

ipsilateral

A

on same side of body

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22
Q

contralateral

A

on the opposite side

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23
Q

sagittal

A

divides body or organ into left and right halves

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24
Q

midsagittal

A

divides the body into equal left and right halves

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25
Q

parasagittal

A

unequal parts

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26
Q

coronal

A

divides body or organ into front and back sections

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27
Q

cranial spinal cavity

A

dorsal cavity

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28
Q

ventral

A

cavities of the trunk broke up by the diaphragm

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29
Q

heart thymus trachea esophagus lungs

A

pericardial and plural

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30
Q

membrane that lines the walls of
the body cavity (pariet- – refers to a cavity wall)

A

Parietal Layer

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31
Q

membrane that covers the organs
(viscera)

A

Visceral Layer

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32
Q

between the parietal and
visceral layers that is filled with fluid

A

Serous Space

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33
Q

Produced by Serous Membranes
Reduces friction between cavity walls

A

Serous Fluid

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34
Q

anything that has mass and takes up space

35
Q

is composed of the same kind of atoms

36
Q

an atom has two main parts

A

electron cloud and nucleus

37
Q

C HOPKINS CaFe Mg

A

most abundant elements found in the human body

38
Q

4 elements that make up over 96 percent of the human body

A

oxygen carbon hydrogen nitrogen

39
Q

the atomic mass is the Sum of

A

protons and neutrons

40
Q

electron is _____charged

A

negatively

41
Q

protons are_____charged

A

positively

42
Q

you minus for neutrons!!!!

A

you minus for neutrons

43
Q

valence electrons

A

electron on the outer ring

44
Q

Atoms are ELECTRICALLY NEUTRAL

A

They have the same number of p+ & e-

45
Q

charged particles

46
Q

are different types or varieties of atoms

47
Q

are groups of atoms chemically bonded together

A

compounds or molecules

48
Q

molecular compounds

A

Held together by Covalent Bonds

49
Q

ionic compound

A

held together by ionic bonds

50
Q

ionic bonds are ___ compared to covalent bonds

51
Q

covalent bonds are formed by ______ of electrons

52
Q

are substances that break apart into ions in solutions

A

electrolytes

53
Q

are substances that do not break apart into ions in solution

A

non- electrolytes

54
Q

are good conductors of electricity

A

electrolytes

55
Q

are poor conductors of electricity

A

non- electrolytes

56
Q

a type of chemical bond that is formed when electrons are shared equally between 2 atoms

A

non- polar covalent molecules

57
Q

molecules that have a uneven distribution of electrons

A

polar covalent molecules

58
Q

The accumulation of electrons on ONE SIDE OF THE MOLECULE causes that side to be slightly more NEGATIVE while the other side of the molecule is slightly more POSITIVE

A

polar molecules

59
Q

very weak bond than both a covalent bond and an ionic bond

A

hydrogen bond

60
Q

holds compounds together

A

hydrogen bonds

61
Q

transfer of electrons to form ionic compounds

A

ionic bonds

62
Q

sharing of electrons to form molecular compounds

A

covalent bonds

63
Q

bonds that hold compounds together

A

hydrogen bonds

64
Q

the element or compounds that enter into a reaction

65
Q

are the element or compounds that are formed as a result of a chemical reaction

66
Q

means yeild, produces or forms

67
Q

speeds up all chemical reaction

68
Q

a mixture of two or more substances

69
Q

little if any hydrogen ions lots of hydroxide ions

70
Q

lots of hydrogen ions very little if any hydroxide ions

71
Q

inorganic compounds

A

doesnt contain carbon non living

72
Q

organic compounds

A

contains carbon living or dead

73
Q

carbohydrates lipids proteins and nucleic acids

A

macromolecules

74
Q

a large molecule or macromolecule composed of many repeated subunits

75
Q

a molecule that can be bonded to other identical molecules to form a polymer

76
Q

3 main kinds of carbohydrates

A

monosaccharides disaccharides polysaccharides

77
Q

saturated fatty acids unsaturated fatty acids triglycerides phospholipids

78
Q

the monomer of a protien is an

A

amino acid

79
Q

a special classification of protien

A

enzymes (all end in ase)

80
Q

monomer of nucleic acids are

A

nucleotides

81
Q

what are nucleotides made up of

A

sugar phosphate nitrogen containing base

82
Q

DNA and RNA

A

two types of nucleic acids

micro and A+P (13 decks)

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