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spring 2024 > Micro lab exam 2 > Flashcards

Micro lab exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

UV-A wavelength

A

315-400 nm

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2
Q

UV-B wavelength

A

280-315 nm

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3
Q

UV-C wavelength

A

100-280 nm

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4
Q

Spontaneous mutation

A

arise occasionally in all bacteria and develop in the absence of any agent

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5
Q

Induced mutation

A

result of a bacterium’[s exposure to a mutagen, which is a physical or chemical agent

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6
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria:

A

bacteriophages

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7
Q

Lytic cycle:

A

Phage attaches to bacteria cell
Injects DNA
Viral genome commands host cell to produce more DNA which make more phages
Host lyses and releases phages

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8
Q

Lysogenic

A

Phage DNA integrates into chromosome called prophage
dormant until cell is stressed then goes to lytic stage

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9
Q

Plaque

A

lysis of bacterial cells growing in a lawn on an agar plate

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10
Q

Plage titer =

A

PFU / (Volume x Dilution)

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11
Q

Plaque Assay

A

Diluted phage is added to bacterial culture and then put into agar and agar poured into plate

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12
Q

propagated transmission

A

disease transmitted from person to person

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13
Q

Incident rate =

A

(number new cases / size of at-risk population at midpoint of time ) x K

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14
Q

Prevalence rate =

A

(number of existing cases / size of at-risk population at midpoint of time period ) x K

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15
Q

Hemagglutination

A

general term applied to any agglutination test in which clumping of red blood cells indicates a positive reaction

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16
Q

Type A blood:

A

RBCs with A antigen
Produces anti-B antibodies

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17
Q

Type B blood:

A

RBCs with B antigen
produces anti-A antibodies

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18
Q

Types AB blood

A

RBCs with both A and B antigens
Lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies

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19
Q

Type O blood:

A

RBCs lack A and B antigens
Produces both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

20
Q

Agglutination (clumping) of anti-A serum means what?

A

type A

21
Q

Rh factor is shown by what antigen?

A

D

22
Q

Universal donor

A

O- blood

23
Q

Universal recipient

A

AB+ blood

24
Q

Thermophiles

A

grow at greater than 45 degrees

25
Q

Obligate thermophiles

A

will not grow below 40 degrees

26
Q

Facultative thermophiles

A

grow below 40 degrees

27
Q

extreme thermophiles

A

grow best above 80 degrees

28
Q

Acidophiles

A

live below pH 5.5

29
Q

Neutrophiles

A

live in pH between 5.5 and 8.5

30
Q

Alkaliphiles

A

live above pH 8.5

31
Q

obligate (strict) aerobes

A

require oxygen; grow at top of media

32
Q

facultative anerobes: grow everywhere but denser at top

A

grow in presence or absence of oxygen

33
Q

obligate anaerobes; grow in lower region

A

cannot have oxygen

34
Q

aerotolerant

A

don’t require oxygen but aren’t affect by it; grow unifromly

35
Q

microaerobes

A

lower than atmospheric levels of O2

36
Q

Thioglycollate is used

A

to determine if an organism needs O2

37
Q

Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB) inhibits growth of what?

A

Gram + organisms

38
Q

EMB results:

A

normal color: non-lactose fermenters
dark purple to black: vigorous lactose fermenters
pink to dark purple: less aggressive lactose fermenters
green: e.coli

39
Q

Hektoen enteric Agar (HE) results:

A

black: Salmonella
Shigella: green
Other: yellow or salmon

40
Q

susceptible

A

harmed by a thing

41
Q

what family are coliforms part of

A

Enterobacteriaceae and are lactose fermenting

42
Q

DSLB stands for

A

Double Strength Lactose Broth

43
Q

SSLB stands for

A

single strength lactose broth

44
Q

Bactericidal vs Bacteriostatic

A

kills microbe stops growth does not kill

45
Q

Kirby Bauer test or disk diffusion test

A

put the antimicrobial in middle of lawn of bacteria and measure the diameter

spring 2024 (11 decks)

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