Micro lab exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

UV-A wavelength

A

315-400 nm

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2
Q

UV-B wavelength

A

280-315 nm

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3
Q

UV-C wavelength

A

100-280 nm

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4
Q

Spontaneous mutation

A

arise occasionally in all bacteria and develop in the absence of any agent

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5
Q

Induced mutation

A

result of a bacterium’[s exposure to a mutagen, which is a physical or chemical agent

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6
Q

Viruses that infect bacteria:

A

bacteriophages

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7
Q

Lytic cycle:

A

Phage attaches to bacteria cell
Injects DNA
Viral genome commands host cell to produce more DNA which make more phages
Host lyses and releases phages

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8
Q

Lysogenic

A

Phage DNA integrates into chromosome called prophage
dormant until cell is stressed then goes to lytic stage

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9
Q

Plaque

A

lysis of bacterial cells growing in a lawn on an agar plate

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10
Q

Plage titer =

A

PFU / (Volume x Dilution)

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11
Q

Plaque Assay

A

Diluted phage is added to bacterial culture and then put into agar and agar poured into plate

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12
Q

propagated transmission

A

disease transmitted from person to person

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13
Q

Incident rate =

A

(number new cases / size of at-risk population at midpoint of time ) x K

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14
Q

Prevalence rate =

A

(number of existing cases / size of at-risk population at midpoint of time period ) x K

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15
Q

Hemagglutination

A

general term applied to any agglutination test in which clumping of red blood cells indicates a positive reaction

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16
Q

Type A blood:

A

RBCs with A antigen
Produces anti-B antibodies

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17
Q

Type B blood:

A

RBCs with B antigen
produces anti-A antibodies

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18
Q

Types AB blood

A

RBCs with both A and B antigens
Lack anti-A and anti-B antibodies

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19
Q

Type O blood:

A

RBCs lack A and B antigens
Produces both anti-A and anti-B antibodies

20
Q

Agglutination (clumping) of anti-A serum means what?

21
Q

Rh factor is shown by what antigen?

22
Q

Universal donor

23
Q

Universal recipient

24
Q

Thermophiles

A

grow at greater than 45 degrees

25
Obligate thermophiles
will not grow below 40 degrees
26
Facultative thermophiles
grow below 40 degrees
27
extreme thermophiles
grow best above 80 degrees
28
Acidophiles
live below pH 5.5
29
Neutrophiles
live in pH between 5.5 and 8.5
30
Alkaliphiles
live above pH 8.5
31
obligate (strict) aerobes
require oxygen; grow at top of media
32
facultative anerobes: grow everywhere but denser at top
grow in presence or absence of oxygen
33
obligate anaerobes; grow in lower region
cannot have oxygen
34
aerotolerant
don't require oxygen but aren't affect by it; grow unifromly
35
microaerobes
lower than atmospheric levels of O2
36
Thioglycollate is used
to determine if an organism needs O2
37
Eosin Methylene Blue Agar (EMB) inhibits growth of what?
Gram + organisms
38
EMB results:
normal color: non-lactose fermenters dark purple to black: vigorous lactose fermenters pink to dark purple: less aggressive lactose fermenters green: e.coli
39
Hektoen enteric Agar (HE) results:
black: Salmonella Shigella: green Other: yellow or salmon
40
susceptible
harmed by a thing
41
what family are coliforms part of
Enterobacteriaceae and are lactose fermenting
42
DSLB stands for
Double Strength Lactose Broth
43
SSLB stands for
single strength lactose broth
44
Bactericidal vs Bacteriostatic
kills microbe stops growth does not kill
45
Kirby Bauer test or disk diffusion test
put the antimicrobial in middle of lawn of bacteria and measure the diameter