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micro Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Chlaymida cannot make their own

A

ATp

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2
Q

obligate intracellular organisms that cause mucosal infections

A

chlamydia

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3
Q

C. psittaci causes what type of pneumonia

A

atypical

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4
Q

2 forms of chlamydia

A

Elementary body (small dense) and reticulate body

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5
Q

elementary body in chlamydia is

A

“enfectious” and Enters cell via Endcytosis; transfomred into reticulate body

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6
Q

Reticulate body function

A

Replicates in cell by fission; Reorganizes into elementary bodies

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7
Q

C. trachomatis causes what

A

reactive arthritis (Reiter Syndrome), follicular conjunctivitis, nongonococccal uretrhits, PID

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8
Q

Chlamydophila pneumoniae and chlamydophila psittaci cause

A

atypical pnuemonia

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9
Q

Chlamydophila pneumoniae and chlamydophila psittaci transmiteed by

A

aerosol

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10
Q

C. trachomotis : small gram - obligate

A

intracellular bacteria

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11
Q

Treatment of chlamydia

A

azithromycin (favored because one-time treatment) or doxycylcine (+ceftriaxone for possible concomitant gonorrhea)

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12
Q

Lab diagnosis of chlamuydia

A

PCR, nucleic acid amplifciation test

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13
Q

What is seen on Giemsa or fluorescent antibody stained smear for chlamydia

A

Cytoplasmic inclusions (reticulate bodies)

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14
Q

Why can’t chlamydial cell wall cannot be seen on gram stain?

A

it’s cell wall lacks peptiodcyglan (due to reduced muramic acid) rendering b lactam antiboitics ineffectinve

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15
Q

Gram stain stains what

A

peptidoglycna

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16
Q

C. trachomatis serotyeps Types A, B, C

A

chronic infection, cause blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis in Africa

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17
Q

ABC of C. trachomatis

A

Africa, Blindness, chronic infection

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18
Q

Types D-K for C. trachomatis

A

urethritis/PID, ectopic pregnancy, neonatal pneumonia (staccato cough) w eosinophilia, neonatal conjunctivits (1-2 weeks after brith)

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19
Q

How can neonatal disease be acquired in Types D-K

A

during passage through infected birth canal

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20
Q

Types L1, L2, L3 of C. trachomatis

A

Lymphanogranuloma venereum

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21
Q

explain lymphanogranuloma venerum

A

small, painless ulcers on genitals which cause into swollen painful inguinal lymph nodes that ulcerate (buboes)

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22
Q

what are buboes

A

swollen painful inguinal lumph nodes that ulcerate

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23
Q

buboes are seen in

A

C. trachomatis in L1, L2, L3

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24
Q

Lymphanogranuloma venereum histo

A

LGV lesions, mixed granulomatous and neutrophilic inflammation with intracytoplasmic chlamydial inculsino bodies in eptiehlial and inflammatory cells

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25
Q

Mycoplasma pneumonia: causes what type of fever

A

low grade fever

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26
Q

classic cause of atypical walking pneumoina

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

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27
Q

explain atypical pneumoina

A

insidious onset, headache, nonproductive cough, patchy or diffuse interstital infiltrate)

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28
Q

X ray looks a lot worse than patient in

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

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29
Q

see high titer of cold agglutinins (igm) which can agglutinate or lyse RBC’s in

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

30
Q

Grown on eaton agar

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

31
Q

does mycopaslam pneumonai have a cell wall

A

no cell wall; not seen on gram stain. pleomorphic

32
Q

this is a frequent outbreaks in military recruits and prisons

A

mycoplasma pneumonia; seen in pt’s <30

33
Q

Treatment of mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

macrolides, doxycycline, or fluoroquinolones (penicillin ineffective since mycoplasma have no cell wall)

34
Q

requires cholesterol to grow

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

35
Q

why does myco[lasma pneumonia require cholesterol to grow

A

bc their cell membrane is composed of a single cholesterol rich phospholipid bilayer

36
Q

how does mycoplasma pneumoia attach

A

attaches to resp epithelium using surface antigens (I antigen) present on plasma membranes of erythrocyte

37
Q

mycopaslma is treted by drugs that inhibit

A

bacterial ribosomal fucntion ( target bacterial protein sytnehsi inhibitor)

38
Q

diffuse intersitial pneumonia cauesd by a yeaset like fungi

A

pneumocystis jirovecii

39
Q

how do you acquire pneumocystisc jiroveccii

A

inhalation; most infections are asymptomatic

40
Q

cxr/ct of pneumocystis jirovecii

A

diffuse, bilateral ground glass opacities

41
Q

how is pneumocystis jirovecci diagnosed

A

lung biopsy or lavage

42
Q

what is seen on methenamine silver stain of lung tissue for pneumocystis jiroveicc

A

disc shaped yeast

43
Q

several weeks of slowly worseing dyspnea and fever

A

pneumocystis jirovecii

44
Q

in pneumocystic jirovecii you see hwat type of materal

A

eosinophilic foamy alveolar material

45
Q

immunosuppression (AIDS) predisposes to this yeast like fungus causing diffuse interstial pneumonia

A

pneumocystis jirovecii

46
Q

Silver stain or giemsa stain for pneuomcystis jirovecii

A

cystic and trophic fomrs (cup in saucer) appearance

47
Q

Treatment / prophylaxis for PJP

A

TMP-SMX, pentamidine , dapsone (prophylaxis only), atovaquone.

48
Q

Start prophylais in PJP when

A

Cd4 count <200 in HIV pt’s

49
Q

Sporotrichosis caused by

A

sporothrix schenckii

50
Q

dimorphic cigar shapped budding yeast that grows in branching hyphae with rosettes of conidia

A

sporotrhix schennckii

51
Q

Sporothrix schenckii has rosettes of

A

conidia

52
Q

thorn

A

Sporotrhix schenckii

53
Q

Sporothrix schenckii causes

A

local pustule or ucler with nodules draining lymphatics (ascending lymphangitis)

54
Q

Treatment of sporotrhix schenikii

A

itraconazole or potassium iodide

55
Q

biopsy of spporthrix schenickii

A

granuloma formation as well!

56
Q

Prophylaxis of toxoplasma gondi when cd4 count

A

<100. tmp-sx

57
Q

Prophylaxis of M. avium when cd 4 count

A
  1. azitrhomycin
58
Q

aspiration Pneumonia can be caused by

A

lung parenchyma infection; aspiration of upper airway or stomach microbes (anaerobes)

59
Q

aspiration pneumonia presents how long after aspiration event

A

days. with a fever, cough increase sputum. cxr infiltrate in dependent lung (RLL) ; can progress to abscess

60
Q

pneumonitis is

A

acidic damage to alvoeli

61
Q

pneumonitis caused by

A

lung parnechyma inflammtion; aspiration of gastric acid with direct tissue injury

62
Q

pneumonitis presents

A

hours after aspiration event. range from no symptoms to nonproduitve cough. cxr infiltartes: one or both lower lungs

63
Q

absidia in what group

A

mucor and rhizopus

64
Q

invasive aspergillomas seen in

A

severely immunosuppressed pts

65
Q

aspergilloma does what to old lung caviities

A

COLONIZES

66
Q

give antiboitico prophlayxis in bordatella

A

true

67
Q

bordetella is encapsulated

A

true

68
Q

penicillium marneffei

A

opportunistic infection ; located in SE asia; think aids

69
Q

prescence of candida in sputum does not indicate

A

disease

70
Q

spore inhalation; once inside lugns turns into spherules

A

coccidiomyocosis

Microbiology (13 decks)

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