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corynlistnocardiaactino Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Corynebacterium diphterhiae

ABCDEFG

A 
A: ADP ribosylation
B: B prophage
C: Corynebacterium
D: Diphteriae
E: Elongation Factor 2
G: granules
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2
Q

Gram + rod transmitted via resp droplets in se asia

A

corynebacterium diphterhiae

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3
Q

C. diphterhiae potent extoxin function

A

inhibits protein synthesis via ADP-ribosylation of EF-2

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4
Q

causes diphteria via exotoxin encoded by

A

B prophage

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5
Q

Pseudomembranous pharyngitis (grayish-white membrane w lymphadenopathy, myocarditis, and arrhytmias)

A

C. diphterhiae

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6
Q

Lab diagnosis of C diphterhiae

A

gram + rods w metachroomatic (blue and red) granules and + Elek test for toxin

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7
Q

what color are the granules in c diphterhiae

A

blue and red

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8
Q

Stain the metachromatic blue and red granules with

A

aniline dyes

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9
Q

how does toxoid vaccine prevent diphterhia

A

neutralizies IgG antibodies against binding component (B subunit) of diphterhia exotoxin)

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10
Q

when dealing with C. dificile what should you do

A

gown, nonsterile gloves

handwashing aw soap and water (alcohol based hand sanitizers) do NOT kill spores

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11
Q

on the cytsine-tellurite agar what color for C. diphteriae

A

black colonies

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12
Q

severe pharyngitis w exudates and cervical lymphadenopathy in a group of people with unknown vaccination statsu

A

resp diphteria infection; diphteria toxin: severe myocarditis and heart failure

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13
Q

function of A (active subunit ) of diphteriha AB exotoxin

A

transfer ribose residue from NAD to a histidine on EF-2; essential for peptide chain translocation on ribosome in process of translation

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14
Q

lysogenic bacteriophage called corynephage beta converts

A

nontoxigenic to toxigenic C. diphterhia due to infection

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15
Q

lysogenic bacteriophage inserts tox gene into genome: resulting in

A

expression of dipstheria AB toxin.

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16
Q

B subunit of diphtehria AB exotoxin binds to

A

heparin-binding epidermal growth factor receptor on cardiac + neural cells

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17
Q

intracellular pyrophosphate granules of c. diphterhiae visualized on microscopy after growing pathogen on

A

Loeffler medium - stain w mehtylene blue

rare in developed countries

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18
Q

narrow zone of beta hemolysis

A

listeria monocytogenes

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19
Q

faculattive intracellular rod; aerobic

A

listeria

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20
Q

acquired by ingestion of unpasteruized dairy products and cold deli meats, via transplacental transmission, or by vaginal transmission during birth

A

listeriaa

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21
Q

growsh well at refrigeration temps (4-10 C): cold enrichment

A

listeria

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22
Q

rocket tails via actin polymerization allow interacellular movement and cel to cell spread across cell membranes; thereby avoiding antibody

A

listeria

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23
Q

tumbilng motiliy at room temperature

A

listeria

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24
Q

what does listeria cause

A

amnionitis, septicemia, spontaneous abortion in pregnant women; granulomatosis infantiseptica; neonatal meningits; meningits in inmmunocomporsied pt’s ; midl , self limited gastroentertitis in healthy individuals

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25
Q

listeria can be trasnimitted (pregnant)

A

transplacenntally or via vaginal contact during delivery causing neonatal menignits

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26
Q

in pregnant woemen, listeria causes greates risk in

A

3rd trimester; can cause preterm labor, neonatal sepsis

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27
Q

why is nocardia weakly acid fast

A

has mycolic acid in cell wall

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28
Q

where is nocardia found

A

in soil; disease from spore inhalation or traumatic inoculation into skin

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29
Q

where is actninomyces found

A

normal oral , reproductive, GI flora, colon

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30
Q

actinomyces is acid fast or no

A

not acid fast

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31
Q

causes pulmonary infections in immunocomporomised (can mimic TB but w - PPD)

A

nocardia

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32
Q

causes cutanoeus infectison after trauma in immunocompetent; can spread to CNS to cause brain abscesses ; seizures

A

nocardia

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33
Q

Treatment is SNAP

A

sulfonamdies: nocardia
Actinomuces: penicillin

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34
Q

oral/facial abscesses that drain thorugh sinus tracts

A

actinomyces

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35
Q

forms yellow sulfur granules t

A

actinomyces

36
Q

associated w dental caries/ extration and can fcause PID w IUDS

A

actinomyces

37
Q

in the cervicofacial region; bacteria grow slowly and without regard to tissue planes ; indurated perimandibular mass that enlarges over time and evolves into multiple abscesses and draining sinus tracts

A

actinomyces

38
Q

actinomyces israelii

A

gram + fungus like bacterium = thick peptidoglycan cell wall

39
Q

K1 capsule

A

E. Coli

40
Q

K1 capsule causes

A

pneumoniae, neonatal meningitis

41
Q

LPS E. coli endotoxin cauess

A

septic shock

42
Q

most common cause of UTI

A

E Coli

43
Q

E. Coli fimbriae causes what

A

Cystitis and pyelonephritis (P-pili

44
Q

E. coli adhesive proteins (virulence factor)

A

fimbriae

45
Q

invasive; dysentery. manifestations similar to shigella

A

EIEc

46
Q

traveller’s diarrhea (watery)

A

ETEC

47
Q

EIEC toxin and mechanism

A

microbe invades intestinal mucosa and causes necrosis and inflammation

48
Q

ETEC toxin and mechanism

A

produces heat labile and heat stable entertoxins

49
Q

which e. coli has no inflammation or invasion

A

ETEC

50
Q

which e coli has no toxin produced

A

EPEC

51
Q

diarrhea useally in children (Pediatrics)

A

EPEC

52
Q

EPEC toxin and mechanism:

A

no toxin produced. adheres to apical surface; flattens villi, prevents absorption

53
Q

O157:H7

A

EHEC

54
Q

how is O157:H7 transmitted

A

undercooked meat, raw leafy vegetables

55
Q

which bacteria grows on hypertonic saline and bile

A

entercoccus

56
Q

which e coli does not ferment sorbitol like other e coli

A

EHEc

57
Q

EHEC caues what

A

dysentery (toxin alone causes necrosis and inflammation)

58
Q

EHEC has what type of toxin

A

Shiga like toxin

59
Q

Shiga like toxin (verotoxin) does what

A

inactivates 60S ribosomal subunit in human cells: inhibition of protein syntehsis and eventual cell death

60
Q

shiga like toxin causes

A

gastroenetritis (bloodY)

61
Q

O antigen on E Coli means

A

this classifies Gram - bacteria; most extracellular comonent of LPS

62
Q

heatl stabile enterotoxins increase

A

cGMP: causing watery diarrhea + electrolytile loss

63
Q

NO production of glycuronidase like other E coli strands

A

EHEC

64
Q

EHEC does not invade

A

intestinal mucosa

65
Q

ETEC heat -labile toxin resembles

A

cholera toxin

66
Q

heat labile entertoxin increases

A

cAMP in gut mucosal cells ; activates stimulatory Gs membrane G prtoein thereby actinvating adenylate cycalse

67
Q

E coli is indole +. this means

A

can convert tryptophan to indole; distingushied from other enterobacter cloacea

68
Q

normal flora of GI tract

A

e coli

69
Q

Shiga like toxin is an A

A

AB toxin (active A subuint,5 binding sbunits)

70
Q

flagellar (H antigen) : heat labile protein whichch is one compnent of serologic classification of

A

enterobateriaceae

71
Q

thinck an E coli: stacked brick instestinal adhesion: organsims adhere to human jejunal, ileal, colonic mucosa in aggregative, stacked brick pattern; do not invade ; implicated in persistnet diarrhea in infants in developing countries.

A

EAEC

72
Q

lobar pneumonia in alcholics

A

Klebsiella

73
Q

intestinal flora that causes lobar pneumonia in diabetics when aspirated

A

klebbsiella

74
Q

5A’s of KlebsiellA

A 
Aspiration pneimoniae
Abscess in lungs and liver
Alcoholics
DiAbetics
CurrAnt jelly sputum
75
Q

Currant jelly sputum (blood/mucus)

A

it iis dark red. klebsellia

76
Q

klebsiella abundant polysaccharide capsule causes what

A

very mucoid colonies

77
Q

comma, S, shaped, motile , curved. oxidase +; grows in 42 C

A

C. jejuni

78
Q

major cause of bloody diarrhea, esp in children. oxidase +

A

C. jejuni

79
Q

C. jejuni trasnmission

A

fecal oral transmission thorugh person to person contact or via ingestion of undercooked contaminated poultry or meat, unpasteurized milk

80
Q

infected animals w c jejuni

A

DOGS, cats, pigs risk factor

81
Q

guillan barre syndrome

A

campylobacter jejuni

82
Q

reactive arthritis

A

C. jejuni

83
Q

AB exotoxin of C. Jejuni

A

increases cAMP in intestinal cells: decreased absorption and increase secretion of Na, Cl, H20

84
Q

generates cross reacting antibodies to peripheral nerve myelin gangliosides

A

guillan barre syndrome

85
Q

stool studies of c. jejuni

A

inflammation (leukocytes, ertyrhocytes); no ova or parasites

86
Q

following ingestion, C. jejuni colonizes intestinal mucosa ; enters enterocytes within endocytic vacuoles and causes cytotoxic injury due to specific virulence factors

A

cytolethal distending toxin

lipoligosaccharide

Microbiology (13 decks)

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