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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

all of systemic mycoses cause

A

pneumoniae

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2
Q

all sysetmic mycosis caused by

A

dimorphic fungi

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3
Q

what is dimorphic fungi

A

cold (20C) = mold

heat (37C) = yeast

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4
Q

exception to dimoprhic fungi

A

coccidiodes

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5
Q

why is coccidiodes exception to dimorphic fungi

A

it is a spherule (not yeast) in tissue

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6
Q

Treatmetn for local infection of mycosese

A

fluconazole, itraconazole

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7
Q

treatment for systemic infection of mycoses

A

amphotericin B

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8
Q

located in mississippi and ohio river valleys

A

histoplasmosis

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9
Q

small ovoid bodies within a macropahge

A

histoplasmosis

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10
Q

macrophage filled with histoplasma (smaller than rBC’)

A

histoplasmosis

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11
Q

palatal/tongue ulcers, splenomegaly

A

histoplasmosis

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12
Q

bird or bat droppings in mississisppi

A

histopalasmosi

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13
Q

diagnose histoplasmosis via

A

urine/serum antigen

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14
Q

histoplasmsos is transmitted thorough

A

inhalation; converts to yeast form in lungs; replicates within phagosome of macs

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15
Q

ulcerated lesions on tongue

A

histoplasmosis

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16
Q

impaired immunity for histoplasmsosi

A

AIDS; at risk for dissemination through RES system due to organisms affinity for mononuclear phagocytic cells

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17
Q

located in easter and central us; ohio mississippi river valley, GREAT LAKES REGION

A

blastomycosis

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18
Q

broad based budding

A

blastomycoses

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19
Q

same size as RBC

A

blastomycosis

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20
Q

inflammatory lung diseaes, can disseminate to skin/bone. on skin is papular or pustular lesions

A

blastomycoses

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21
Q

verrucous skin lesions that can stimulate SCC

A

blastomycoses

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22
Q

forms granulomatous nodules

A

blastomycoses

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23
Q

immunocompormised pt’s in blastomycoses

A

bone pain (lytic lesions), skin lesions, systemic symptoms, lung involvement

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24
Q

biopsy of blastomycoses

A

large round yeasts w doubly refractible wall and single broad based budd

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25
Q

southwestern US, california

A

coccidiomycosis

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26
Q

northern mexico, central south america, san joaquin valley

A

coccidiomycosis

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27
Q

thick walled spherule

A

coccidiomycosis

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28
Q

spherule filled with endospores of

A

coccidiodes

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29
Q

mycoses: erythema nodosum (desert bumps) or multiforme arthalgias (desert rheumatism)

A

coccidiomycois

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30
Q

coccidioodcymocis disseminates to skin/bones and causes meningitis

A

True

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31
Q

located in latin america ; central + south america

A

paracoccidiodomycosis

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32
Q

budding yeast with captain wheel formation (much larger than RBC)

A

paracoccidiomycosis

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33
Q

multiple budding blastocondia

A

paracoccidiomycosis

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34
Q

both replicate within macrophages

A

blastomcyosis and cocidiomycosis

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35
Q

forms pseudohyphae and budding yeasts at 20C

A

candida

36
Q

germ tubes formed at 37

A

candida

37
Q

oral, esophageal thrus in immunocompromised

A

candida

38
Q

vulvovaginits, diaper rash, endocarditis,

A

candida

39
Q

normal inhabitant of GI tract (including oral cavity, skin, vagina, intestin

A

candida

40
Q

can be easily scraped off buccal mucosa

A

thrush

41
Q

most cases of thrus due to

A

disruptions in normal flora due to antibiotics;

42
Q

young healthy individuals with thrush:test for

A

HIV

43
Q

superficial candida use associated with

A

antibitoic use, corticosteriod, DM , HIV, immunosuppressing

44
Q

disseminated candidias especially in

A

neutropenic pt’s

45
Q

white psuedomembrane candidia

A

esophagitis

46
Q

uncommon resp infection in CA

A

CANDIDA

47
Q

septate hyphae that branch at 45

A

aspergillus fumigatus

48
Q

Acute angle v shaped branching

A

aspergillius

49
Q

produces radiating chains at end of conidiophore

A

aspergillus

50
Q

aspergillus is inhaled by

A

air

51
Q

coloinizes old lung cavities to form fungal ball

A

aspergillus (aspergilloma

52
Q

symptoms of aspergilloma:

A

cough dyspnea hemotypsis

53
Q

assoc with HCC

A

aflatoxin produced by aspergillus

54
Q

radioopaque structure that shifts when pt changes posisiont

A

aspergillus

55
Q

MOLD FORM ONLY

A

aspergillus

56
Q

monomorphic fungus

A

aspergillus

57
Q

angioinvasive pneumonia means

A

fever pleuritic pain, chest pain, hemotypissi

58
Q

angioinvasive pneumonia seen in

A

aspergillus

59
Q

hypersenstivity response associated with asthma and CF; may cause bronchiectasis and eosinophilia

A

allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

60
Q

invasive aspergillosis seen in

A

hiv pt’s cd<50. fever, cough , sob, pul infiltrate

61
Q

serologic testing diagnoses abpa: see what

A

increase ige, eosinophils, ab

62
Q

aspergilloma affects where in lungs

A

upper lobes

63
Q

only exist in mold form

A

rhizosups and aspergillosis

64
Q

Pt’s receivin parenteral nutrition thorugh central venous catherher have a high risk for

A

candidemia (sepsis)

65
Q

CNS aspergillosis

A

abscess (single ring enhancing lesioN)

66
Q

narrow budding

A

cryptococcus neoformans

67
Q

heavily encapsulated yeast, )polysaccharide capsuel

A

cryptococcus neoformans

68
Q

only exist in yeast form

A

cryptococcus neoformans

69
Q

found in soil, pigeon droppings

A

cryptococcus neoformans

70
Q

culture on sabouraud agar

A

cryptococcus neoformans

71
Q

cryptococcus neofrmans is highlited with

A

india ink of CSF and muscarimine

72
Q

describe india ink :

A

clear halo due to thick polysaccharide capsule

73
Q

describe muscarimine

A

red inner capsuel

74
Q

what detects polysaccharide capsular antigen in cryptoccous

A

latex agglutination test

75
Q

manifestsaions of cryptococcus neofromans

A

cryptoccosis, cryptococcal meningits, cryptococcal encephalitis

76
Q

what type of lesions seen in brain of cryptococcal encephalitiss

A

soap bubble lesions

77
Q

methenamine silver stain in cryptoccus neofromans show

A

round cells w narrow based buds

78
Q

irregular broad nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles

A

mucor and rhizopus

79
Q

DKA and neutropenic patients

A

mucormycosis

80
Q

mucor and rhizpus proliferate in

A

blood vessel walls , penetrate cribiform plate, enter ribbon

81
Q

broad ribbon like nonseptate hyphae w rt angle brnaching

A

mucor and rhizpus

82
Q

manifestaions of mucor and rhizpus

A

rhinocerebral , frontal lobe abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis;

83
Q

What type of symptosm of mucor and rhizpus

A

headache, facial pain, black necrotic eschar on face (nasal cavity; may have cranial nerve involvement

84
Q

facial pain, sinus infection , headache, nasal eschar

A

mucormycosis

85
Q

recurring fleeting infitlartes on chest imaging;

A

abpa

86
Q

lung infection w lung granulomas; fever, pleuritic chest pain, hemotypisis. predilection for blood vessels

A

asperigllus (invasive)

87
Q

CSF of cryptootcocsu

A

low glucose, increase protein, mild ploecytis w predominance of lymphocytes; ELEVATED OPENING PRESSURES ON LP due to increase vascular permeability

Microbiology (13 decks)

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