fung Flashcards
all of systemic mycoses cause
pneumoniae
all sysetmic mycosis caused by
dimorphic fungi
what is dimorphic fungi
cold (20C) = mold
heat (37C) = yeast
exception to dimoprhic fungi
coccidiodes
why is coccidiodes exception to dimorphic fungi
it is a spherule (not yeast) in tissue
Treatmetn for local infection of mycosese
fluconazole, itraconazole
treatment for systemic infection of mycoses
amphotericin B
located in mississippi and ohio river valleys
histoplasmosis
small ovoid bodies within a macropahge
histoplasmosis
macrophage filled with histoplasma (smaller than rBC’)
histoplasmosis
palatal/tongue ulcers, splenomegaly
histoplasmosis
bird or bat droppings in mississisppi
histopalasmosi
diagnose histoplasmosis via
urine/serum antigen
histoplasmsos is transmitted thorough
inhalation; converts to yeast form in lungs; replicates within phagosome of macs
ulcerated lesions on tongue
histoplasmosis
impaired immunity for histoplasmsosi
AIDS; at risk for dissemination through RES system due to organisms affinity for mononuclear phagocytic cells
located in easter and central us; ohio mississippi river valley, GREAT LAKES REGION
blastomycosis
broad based budding
blastomycoses
same size as RBC
blastomycosis
inflammatory lung diseaes, can disseminate to skin/bone. on skin is papular or pustular lesions
blastomycoses
verrucous skin lesions that can stimulate SCC
blastomycoses
forms granulomatous nodules
blastomycoses
immunocompormised pt’s in blastomycoses
bone pain (lytic lesions), skin lesions, systemic symptoms, lung involvement
biopsy of blastomycoses
large round yeasts w doubly refractible wall and single broad based budd
southwestern US, california
coccidiomycosis
northern mexico, central south america, san joaquin valley
coccidiomycosis
thick walled spherule
coccidiomycosis
spherule filled with endospores of
coccidiodes
mycoses: erythema nodosum (desert bumps) or multiforme arthalgias (desert rheumatism)
coccidiomycois
coccidioodcymocis disseminates to skin/bones and causes meningitis
True
located in latin america ; central + south america
paracoccidiodomycosis
budding yeast with captain wheel formation (much larger than RBC)
paracoccidiomycosis
multiple budding blastocondia
paracoccidiomycosis
both replicate within macrophages
blastomcyosis and cocidiomycosis
forms pseudohyphae and budding yeasts at 20C
candida
germ tubes formed at 37
candida
oral, esophageal thrus in immunocompromised
candida
vulvovaginits, diaper rash, endocarditis,
candida
normal inhabitant of GI tract (including oral cavity, skin, vagina, intestin
candida
can be easily scraped off buccal mucosa
thrush
most cases of thrus due to
disruptions in normal flora due to antibiotics;
young healthy individuals with thrush:test for
HIV
superficial candida use associated with
antibitoic use, corticosteriod, DM , HIV, immunosuppressing
disseminated candidias especially in
neutropenic pt’s
white psuedomembrane candidia
esophagitis
uncommon resp infection in CA
CANDIDA
septate hyphae that branch at 45
aspergillus fumigatus
Acute angle v shaped branching
aspergillius
produces radiating chains at end of conidiophore
aspergillus
aspergillus is inhaled by
air
coloinizes old lung cavities to form fungal ball
aspergillus (aspergilloma
symptoms of aspergilloma:
cough dyspnea hemotypsis
assoc with HCC
aflatoxin produced by aspergillus
radioopaque structure that shifts when pt changes posisiont
aspergillus
MOLD FORM ONLY
aspergillus
monomorphic fungus
aspergillus
angioinvasive pneumonia means
fever pleuritic pain, chest pain, hemotypissi
angioinvasive pneumonia seen in
aspergillus
hypersenstivity response associated with asthma and CF; may cause bronchiectasis and eosinophilia
allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
invasive aspergillosis seen in
hiv pt’s cd<50. fever, cough , sob, pul infiltrate
serologic testing diagnoses abpa: see what
increase ige, eosinophils, ab
aspergilloma affects where in lungs
upper lobes
only exist in mold form
rhizosups and aspergillosis
Pt’s receivin parenteral nutrition thorugh central venous catherher have a high risk for
candidemia (sepsis)
CNS aspergillosis
abscess (single ring enhancing lesioN)
narrow budding
cryptococcus neoformans
heavily encapsulated yeast, )polysaccharide capsuel
cryptococcus neoformans
only exist in yeast form
cryptococcus neoformans
found in soil, pigeon droppings
cryptococcus neoformans
culture on sabouraud agar
cryptococcus neoformans
cryptococcus neofrmans is highlited with
india ink of CSF and muscarimine
describe india ink :
clear halo due to thick polysaccharide capsule
describe muscarimine
red inner capsuel
what detects polysaccharide capsular antigen in cryptoccous
latex agglutination test
manifestsaions of cryptococcus neofromans
cryptoccosis, cryptococcal meningits, cryptococcal encephalitis
what type of lesions seen in brain of cryptococcal encephalitiss
soap bubble lesions
methenamine silver stain in cryptoccus neofromans show
round cells w narrow based buds
irregular broad nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles
mucor and rhizopus
DKA and neutropenic patients
mucormycosis
mucor and rhizpus proliferate in
blood vessel walls , penetrate cribiform plate, enter ribbon
broad ribbon like nonseptate hyphae w rt angle brnaching
mucor and rhizpus
manifestaions of mucor and rhizpus
rhinocerebral , frontal lobe abscess, cavernous sinus thrombosis;
What type of symptosm of mucor and rhizpus
headache, facial pain, black necrotic eschar on face (nasal cavity; may have cranial nerve involvement
facial pain, sinus infection , headache, nasal eschar
mucormycosis
recurring fleeting infitlartes on chest imaging;
abpa
lung infection w lung granulomas; fever, pleuritic chest pain, hemotypisis. predilection for blood vessels
asperigllus (invasive)
CSF of cryptootcocsu
low glucose, increase protein, mild ploecytis w predominance of lymphocytes; ELEVATED OPENING PRESSURES ON LP due to increase vascular permeability
