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BLOCK POSTING 5 > MGUS > Flashcards

MGUS Flashcards

1
Q

Front

A

Back

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2
Q

What is Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy (DIC)?

A

DIC is an acquired coagulation disorder characterized by widespread activation of the haemostatic mechanisms

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3
Q

What are the clinical features of DIC?

A

Symptoms include extensive skin and mucosal bleeding

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4
Q

What is the causative organism of genital herpes?

A

Genital herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV)

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5
Q

What is phimosis and how is it treated?

A

Phimosis is the inability to retract the prepuce over the glans

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6
Q

What are the common causes of hydrocele?

A

Hydrocele may result from persistent processus vaginalis (congenital)

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7
Q

What are the main categories of testicular germ cell tumors?

A

Germ cell tumors are divided into seminomas and non-seminomas

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8
Q

What are the common symptoms of testicular torsion?

A

Sudden severe testicular pain due to twisting of the spermatic cord

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9
Q

What is Fournier’s gangrene?

A

It is a necrotizing infection of the scrotum and perineum

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10
Q

What are Schiller-Duval bodies?

A

Schiller-Duval bodies are structures found in yolk sac tumors

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11
Q

What is the significance of elevated AFP levels in testicular tumors?

A

Elevated AFP levels are associated with yolk sac tumors and non-seminomatous germ cell tumors.

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12
Q

What causes lymphogranuloma venereum?

A

It is caused by Chlamydia trachomatis serotypes L1-L3

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13
Q

What are the features of Peyronie’s disease?

A

Fibrous plaques on the penis leading to painful curvature during erection.

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14
Q

What organism causes syphilis?

A

Syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum

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15
Q

How is invasive squamous carcinoma of the penis diagnosed?

A

Through biopsy showing squamous cell dysplasia with potential HPV association.

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16
Q

What is the hallmark of testicular seminoma?

A

A painless

17
Q

What is the prognosis for spermatocytic seminoma?

A

It has an excellent prognosis as it does not metastasize and occurs in older men.

18
Q

What is the treatment approach for DIC?

A

Addressing the underlying cause

19
Q

How is scrotal carcinoma historically significant?

A

It was the first cancer linked to occupational exposure

20
Q

What is idiopathic granulomatous orchitis?

A

A chronic testicular inflammation with granuloma formation

21
Q

What is the most common site for penile carcinoma?

A

The glans penis or inner prepuce

22
Q

What is cryptorchidism and its complications?

A

It is the failure of the testis to descend

23
Q

What is the most common sexually transmitted infection causing genital warts?

A

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

24
Q

What are the common presenting symptoms of Leydig cell tumors?

A

Testicular swelling and gynecomastia

25
Q

What is the treatment for testicular torsion?

A

Urgent surgical detorsion and orchiopexy of both testes.

26
Q

What is the role of serum tumor markers in testicular cancer?

A

Markers like AFP and HCG help in diagnosis

BLOCK POSTING 5 (8 decks)

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