Anaerobic Infection Flashcards
Front
Back
What causes Clostridioides difficile infection?
Clostridioides difficile infection is caused by gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that produce toxins
What are the key toxins produced by Clostridioides difficile?
Clostridioides difficile produces Toxin A (enterotoxin) and Toxin B (cytotoxin)
How is Clostridioides difficile infection diagnosed?
Diagnosis includes clinical history of antibiotic use
What are the treatment options for Clostridioides difficile infection?
Treatment includes stopping the offending antibiotic
How can Clostridioides difficile infection be prevented in healthcare settings?
Prevention involves isolation
What is the causative agent of tetanus?
Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani
What are the clinical types of tetanus?
Tetanus can be generalized
How is tetanus treated?
Treatment involves airway management
What are the main preventive measures for tetanus?
Prevention includes vaccination (DTaP
What causes botulism?
Botulism is caused by Clostridium botulinum
How is foodborne botulism typically acquired?
Foodborne botulism occurs from ingestion of home-canned or fermented foods contaminated with botulinum toxin.
What is the mainstay of botulism treatment?
Treatment focuses on supportive care and administration of heptavalent botulinum antitoxin or BabyBIG for infants.
What is the primary cause of gas gangrene?
Gas gangrene is primarily caused by Clostridium perfringens
What are the symptoms of gas gangrene?
Symptoms include severe wound pain
How is gas gangrene treated?
Treatment involves surgical debridement
What organisms cause infections like abscesses and bacteremia in anaerobic environments?
Bacteroides
What is the role of Bacteroides fragilis in infections?
Bacteroides fragilis is a common cause of intraabdominal abscesses and bacteremia
How are anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli infections diagnosed?
Diagnosis involves colony morphology
What is the recommended treatment for anaerobic infections caused by GNARs?
Treatment includes β-lactam antibiotics with β-lactamase inhibitors
What are the primary infections caused by gram-positive anaerobic cocci like Finegoldia magna?
These organisms are associated with skin
What are common resistance patterns in anaerobic infections?
Anaerobic pathogens often show resistance to clindamycin and glycopeptides
What is the clinical significance of Eggerthella lenta?
Eggerthella lenta is associated with blood
What is the importance of biofilm in anaerobic infections?
Biofilm-associated infections like chronic wounds and foreign body infections require mechanical intervention alongside antibiotics.
