Anaerobic Infection

Question 1

Front

Answer 1

Back

Question 2

What causes Clostridioides difficile infection?

Answer 2

Clostridioides difficile infection is caused by gram-positive anaerobic bacteria that produce toxins

Question 3

What are the key toxins produced by Clostridioides difficile?

Answer 3

Clostridioides difficile produces Toxin A (enterotoxin) and Toxin B (cytotoxin)

Question 4

How is Clostridioides difficile infection diagnosed?

Answer 4

Diagnosis includes clinical history of antibiotic use

Question 5

What are the treatment options for Clostridioides difficile infection?

Answer 5

Treatment includes stopping the offending antibiotic

Question 6

How can Clostridioides difficile infection be prevented in healthcare settings?

Answer 6

Prevention involves isolation

Question 7

What is the causative agent of tetanus?

Answer 7

Tetanus is caused by Clostridium tetani

Question 8

What are the clinical types of tetanus?

Answer 8

Tetanus can be generalized

Question 9

How is tetanus treated?

Answer 9

Treatment involves airway management

Question 10

What are the main preventive measures for tetanus?

Answer 10

Prevention includes vaccination (DTaP

Question 11

What causes botulism?

Answer 11

Botulism is caused by Clostridium botulinum

Question 12

How is foodborne botulism typically acquired?

Answer 12

Foodborne botulism occurs from ingestion of home-canned or fermented foods contaminated with botulinum toxin.

Question 13

What is the mainstay of botulism treatment?

Answer 13

Treatment focuses on supportive care and administration of heptavalent botulinum antitoxin or BabyBIG for infants.

Question 14

What is the primary cause of gas gangrene?

Answer 14

Gas gangrene is primarily caused by Clostridium perfringens

Question 15

What are the symptoms of gas gangrene?

Answer 15

Symptoms include severe wound pain

Question 16

How is gas gangrene treated?

Answer 16

Treatment involves surgical debridement

Question 17

What organisms cause infections like abscesses and bacteremia in anaerobic environments?

Answer 17

Bacteroides

Question 18

What is the role of Bacteroides fragilis in infections?

Answer 18

Bacteroides fragilis is a common cause of intraabdominal abscesses and bacteremia

Question 19

How are anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli infections diagnosed?

Answer 19

Diagnosis involves colony morphology

Question 20

What is the recommended treatment for anaerobic infections caused by GNARs?

Answer 20

Treatment includes β-lactam antibiotics with β-lactamase inhibitors

Question 21

What are the primary infections caused by gram-positive anaerobic cocci like Finegoldia magna?

Answer 21

These organisms are associated with skin

Question 22

What are common resistance patterns in anaerobic infections?

Answer 22

Anaerobic pathogens often show resistance to clindamycin and glycopeptides

Question 23

What is the clinical significance of Eggerthella lenta?

Answer 23

Eggerthella lenta is associated with blood

Question 24

What is the importance of biofilm in anaerobic infections?

Answer 24

Biofilm-associated infections like chronic wounds and foreign body infections require mechanical intervention alongside antibiotics.