Meteorology, including frontal systems, icing, fog, thunderstorms, windshear, high altitude weather

Question 1

Name three types of fog and conditions under which they are likely to form.

Answer 1

Radiation fog, advection fog, and upslope fog are three types of fog. Radiation fog forms on clear nights with calm winds; advection fog occurs when warm, moist air moves over cooler surfaces; upslope fog forms when moist air is forced to rise over terrain.

Question 2

Describe some scenarios where airframe icing is likely to be encountered.

Answer 2

Airframe icing is likely to be encountered in conditions of visible moisture at temperatures below freezing, during flight through clouds or precipitation, and when flying in or near thunderstorms.

Question 3

Is the B200 certified for flight into known icing?

Answer 3

Yes, the B200 is certified for flight into known icing.

Question 4

Where may wind shear be encountered?

Answer 4

Wind shear may be encountered near thunderstorms, during takeoff and landing, and at the boundaries of weather fronts.

Question 5

What is the AIM definition of light; moderate; and severe icing?

Answer 5

Light icing is trace to light accumulation; moderate icing is significant accumulation requiring remedial action; severe icing is severe accumulation that may exceed the aircraft’s de-icing capabilities.

Question 6

What is the AIM definition of light; moderate; severe; and extreme turbulence?

Answer 6

Light turbulence causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude; moderate turbulence causes changes in altitude and/or attitude but the aircraft remains in control; severe turbulence causes large, abrupt changes in altitude and/or attitude, and the aircraft may be difficult to control; extreme turbulence causes the aircraft to be tossed violently and may cause structural damage.

Question 7

What is a squall line?

Answer 7

A squall line is a line of severe thunderstorms that can produce strong winds, heavy rain, and potential tornadoes.

Question 8

What is a rule of thumb for safe distance from a thunderstorm?

Answer 8

A rule of thumb is to stay at least 20 nautical miles away from a thunderstorm.

Question 9

What sources or weather products provide useful information regarding the presence of high altitude weather such as clear air turbulence?

Answer 9

Useful sources include pilot reports (PIREPs), weather radar, and turbulence forecasts from meteorological services.

Question 10

What are the three prerequisites for a thunderstorm to form?

Answer 10

The three prerequisites for a thunderstorm to form are:

• moisture
• instability
• lifting mechanism