metals and non metals Flashcards
which metal is the only metal known to occur in liquid state in room temperature?
Mercury
which metal exists in gaseous state?
no metal
which non metal exists in liquid state at room temperature
bromine
maleability
property which allows the metals to be hammered into thin sheets or foils is called malleability.
are most metals maleabale?
YES aluminium, gold, silver, copper etc
is zinc brittle in nature
yes it can be broken into pieces on hammering
are non metals malleable?
no, they break into pieces when hammered
what is ductility?
the property which allows the metals to be drawn into thing wires is called ductility.
are non metals ductile?
no they get easily broken into pieces when stretched.
gold short unit
Au
silver short unit
Ag
platinum short unit
Pt
do metals have lustre?
yes which makes shiny and are good at reflecting light.
are non metals lusturous?
no, they have dull apperance
conductivity of heat
metals are good at it and non metals are poor conductors of heat
hardness
metals are generally hard. non-metals are not hard. there are a few exceptions. for example pottasium and sodium can be easily cut with knife and diamond being non metal is very hard
tensile strength
metals have high tensile strength means they can bear a lot of weight and non metals are low tensile. exceptions- metal (zinc) is low tensile. non metal (carbon fibre) is high tensile
density
metals have high density. non metals have low density. same excerptions as the hardness.
conductivity of electricity
all metals are good conductors of electricity. non metals except graphite are poor conductors of electricity.
what is sonority? and are metals and non metals sonorous?
metals are sonorous. non metals are not sonorous. when a ringing or banging sound is made when metal strikes a hard material.
melting and boiling points
metals generally have high melting and boiling points and non metals have low melting points except for diamond.
melting point of iron
1535 degree celcius
physical properties of metals and non metals in a nutshell.
metals non metals
lustre non lustrous
mealleability non melleable
hard brittle
ductile non ductile
good conductors of heat not good conductors of heat
good conductors of electricity not good conductors of electric
sonorous non sonorousMET
reaction with oxygen of metals
metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides which are basic in nature
how is magnesium oxide formed
when magnesium (metal) burns in air, it combines with oxygen to form magnesium oxide. (white powdery substance) 2Mg + O2 = 2MgO
magnesium hydroxide solution
magnesium dissolves partially with water to form magnesium hydroxide solution.
MgO + H2O = Mg(OH)2
sodium oxide
4Na + O2 = 2Na2O
sodium metal is stored in kerosene it can catch fireon reacting with air
zinc oxide
burns in air only on STRONG HEATING.
2Zn + O2 =(strong heating)= 2ZnO
why do gold ornaments look new even after several years?
metals like gold are highly un-reactive. they DO NOT react with air, water vapour and any other gas in the atmosphere. for this reason gold looks new even after several years.
sulphur and oxygen, sulphur and water
s + O2 = sulphuric acid
SO2 + H2O = H2SO3= sulphurus acid
carbon and oxygen, carbon and water
carbon (non metal)
carbon dioxide = air
carbonic acid = water
carbon and oxygen, carbon and water
carbon (non metal)
carbon dioxide = air
carbonic acid = water
which two (one metal and one non-metal) turns litmus red to blue? and blue to red?
magnesium oxide (metal) turns litmus red to blue carbonic acid (non metal) turns blue litmus red.
nitrogen + oxygen?
nitrous oxide
non metals react with what to form acidic oxides
air
metals react with what to form basic oxides
air
metals make red litmus blue because they are basic and what does the non metal do?
non metal turns blue litmus red because they are acidic
metals make red litmus blue because they are basic and what does the non metal do?
non metal turns blue litmus red because they are acidic
metal reacts with water to form which gas
hydrogen gas
potassium and water
potassium reacts with cold water to PRODUCE potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
potassium= 2K
magnesium and water
magnesium reacts with hot water to form magnesium oxide and hydrogen
magnesium= Mg
zinc and steam
zinc reacts with steams to form zinc oxide and hydrogen gas.
Zinc = Zn
does copper react with water?
copper doesn’t react with even steam so water is never lol
do non metals react with water or steam?
no
most and least reactive metal when it reacts with water
most- potassium
least- platinum
reaction with acids
(insert metal name) chloride
hydrogen gas
reaction with bases
(aluminium + sodium hydroxide + water) = (sodium aluminate + hydrogen gas)
uses of metals
electric wires, utensils, chains, jewellery, alloys, pipes, railings, coins etc
uses of non metals
lead of pencils, jewellery, dyes, fireworks, sulphuric acid, plastics, liquid nitrogen, matchsticks etc
define metalloids
some elements have certain properties of metals and non metals
