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science > metals and non metals > Flashcards

metals and non metals Flashcards

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1
Q

which metal is the only metal known to occur in liquid state in room temperature?

A

Mercury

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2
Q

which metal exists in gaseous state?

A

no metal

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3
Q

which non metal exists in liquid state at room temperature

A

bromine

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4
Q

maleability

A

property which allows the metals to be hammered into thin sheets or foils is called malleability.

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5
Q

are most metals maleabale?

A

YES aluminium, gold, silver, copper etc

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6
Q

is zinc brittle in nature

A

yes it can be broken into pieces on hammering

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7
Q

are non metals malleable?

A

no, they break into pieces when hammered

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8
Q

what is ductility?

A

the property which allows the metals to be drawn into thing wires is called ductility.

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9
Q

are non metals ductile?

A

no they get easily broken into pieces when stretched.

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10
Q

gold short unit

A

Au

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11
Q

silver short unit

A

Ag

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12
Q

platinum short unit

A

Pt

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13
Q

do metals have lustre?

A

yes which makes shiny and are good at reflecting light.

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14
Q

are non metals lusturous?

A

no, they have dull apperance

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15
Q

conductivity of heat

A

metals are good at it and non metals are poor conductors of heat

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16
Q

hardness

A

metals are generally hard. non-metals are not hard. there are a few exceptions. for example pottasium and sodium can be easily cut with knife and diamond being non metal is very hard

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17
Q

tensile strength

A 
metals have high tensile strength means they can bear a lot of weight and non metals are low tensile. exceptions- metal (zinc) is low tensile. 
non metal (carbon fibre) is high tensile
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18
Q

density

A

metals have high density. non metals have low density. same excerptions as the hardness.

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19
Q

conductivity of electricity

A

all metals are good conductors of electricity. non metals except graphite are poor conductors of electricity.

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20
Q

what is sonority? and are metals and non metals sonorous?

A

metals are sonorous. non metals are not sonorous. when a ringing or banging sound is made when metal strikes a hard material.

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21
Q

melting and boiling points

A

metals generally have high melting and boiling points and non metals have low melting points except for diamond.

22
Q

melting point of iron

A

1535 degree celcius

23
Q

physical properties of metals and non metals in a nutshell.

A

metals non metals
lustre non lustrous
mealleability non melleable
hard brittle
ductile non ductile
good conductors of heat not good conductors of heat
good conductors of electricity not good conductors of electric
sonorous non sonorousMET

24
Q

reaction with oxygen of metals

A

metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides which are basic in nature

25
Q

how is magnesium oxide formed

A 
when magnesium (metal) burns in air, it combines with oxygen to form magnesium oxide. (white powdery substance) 
2Mg + O2 = 2MgO
26
Q

magnesium hydroxide solution

A

magnesium dissolves partially with water to form magnesium hydroxide solution.
MgO + H2O = Mg(OH)2

27
Q

sodium oxide

A

4Na + O2 = 2Na2O

sodium metal is stored in kerosene it can catch fireon reacting with air

28
Q

zinc oxide

A

burns in air only on STRONG HEATING.

2Zn + O2 =(strong heating)= 2ZnO

29
Q

why do gold ornaments look new even after several years?

A

metals like gold are highly un-reactive. they DO NOT react with air, water vapour and any other gas in the atmosphere. for this reason gold looks new even after several years.

30
Q

sulphur and oxygen, sulphur and water

A

s + O2 = sulphuric acid

SO2 + H2O = H2SO3= sulphurus acid

31
Q

carbon and oxygen, carbon and water

carbon (non metal)

A

carbon dioxide = air

carbonic acid = water

31
Q

carbon and oxygen, carbon and water

carbon (non metal)

A

carbon dioxide = air

carbonic acid = water

32
Q

which two (one metal and one non-metal) turns litmus red to blue? and blue to red?

A 
magnesium oxide (metal) turns litmus red to blue
carbonic acid (non metal) turns blue litmus red.
33
Q

nitrogen + oxygen?

A

nitrous oxide

34
Q

non metals react with what to form acidic oxides

A

air

35
Q

metals react with what to form basic oxides

A

air

36
Q

metals make red litmus blue because they are basic and what does the non metal do?

A

non metal turns blue litmus red because they are acidic

36
Q

metals make red litmus blue because they are basic and what does the non metal do?

A

non metal turns blue litmus red because they are acidic

37
Q

metal reacts with water to form which gas

A

hydrogen gas

38
Q

potassium and water

A

potassium reacts with cold water to PRODUCE potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
potassium= 2K

39
Q

magnesium and water

A

magnesium reacts with hot water to form magnesium oxide and hydrogen
magnesium= Mg

40
Q

zinc and steam

A

zinc reacts with steams to form zinc oxide and hydrogen gas.

Zinc = Zn

41
Q

does copper react with water?

A

copper doesn’t react with even steam so water is never lol

42
Q

do non metals react with water or steam?

A

no

43
Q

most and least reactive metal when it reacts with water

A

most- potassium

least- platinum

44
Q

reaction with acids

A

(insert metal name) chloride

hydrogen gas

45
Q

reaction with bases

A

(aluminium + sodium hydroxide + water) = (sodium aluminate + hydrogen gas)

46
Q

uses of metals

A

electric wires, utensils, chains, jewellery, alloys, pipes, railings, coins etc

47
Q

uses of non metals

A

lead of pencils, jewellery, dyes, fireworks, sulphuric acid, plastics, liquid nitrogen, matchsticks etc

48
Q

define metalloids

A

some elements have certain properties of metals and non metals

science (10 decks)

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