Metals and Alloys

Question 1

What is metallic bonding?

Answer 1

Bonding formed by the electrostatic attraction between positive metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons.

Question 2

Why are metals good conductors?

Answer 2

Delocalised electrons flow and carry a charge and potential to conduct.

Question 3

Why are metals malleable and ductile?

Answer 3

They’re arranged in layers which slide over each other.

Question 4

What are alloys?

Answer 4

A mixture of a metal with another element.

Question 5

Brass is an alloy. What is it made of?

Answer 5

copper and zinc

Question 6

Steel is an alloy. What is it made of?

Answer 6

Iron, chromium, nickel, carbon…

Question 7

Why are alloys stronger and harder than metals?

Answer 7

Different sized atoms disrupt regular structure, making it difficult for the layers to slide over each other.

Question 8

What is a redox reaction?

Answer 8

A reaction which includes both oxidation and reduction.

Question 9

What is oxidation?

Answer 9

Gain in oxygen, loss of electrons, increased oxidation number

Question 10

What is reduction?

Answer 10

Loss in oxygen, gain of electrons, decreased oxidation number

Question 11

What is the oxidation state of a pure element?

Answer 11

0, neutral

Question 12

What is the sum of the oxidation number in a compound?

Answer 12

0, neutral

Question 13

What is an oxidising agent?

Answer 13

A substance reduced in the process of oxidising another.

Question 14

What is a reducing agent?

Answer 14

A substance oxidised in the process of reducing another.

Question 15

What is necessary for rusting?

Answer 15

Water and oxygen

Question 16

What are some common barrier methods?

Answer 16

Greasing, painting, covering in plastic material

Question 17

What is galvanising?

Answer 17

The use of zinc to protect steel/iron/a less reactive metal from rusting by its own slow sacrifice.

Question 18

How does sacrificial protection work?

Answer 18

A more reactive metal reacts with water instead of the metal it is protecting.

Question 19

How are more reactive metals extracted from their ores?

Answer 19

electrolysis

Question 20

How are moderately reactive metals extracted from their ores?

Answer 20

reduction via use of coke

Question 21

How is aluminium extracted from its ore?

Answer 21

electrolysis

Question 22

What is the aluminium ore?

Answer 22

bauxite