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Anatomy & Physiology 2 > Metabolism Quiz > Flashcards

Metabolism Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

What is the sum of all the biochemical processes going on within the human body at any given time?

A

Metabolism

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2
Q

What is the function of the Citric Acid cycle(Kreb Cycle)

A
  • to remove hydrogen atoms from organic molecules and transfer them to coenzymes
  • production of carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids
  • produces 2 ATP
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3
Q

Define Reduction

A

addition of electrons to a molecule and results in an increase in the energy content of the molecule

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4
Q

What is Glycolysis? Where does it occur?

A
  • splitting glucose molecules into two (reversible)
  • occurs in the cytosol
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5
Q

The inadequate exposure to sunlight could result in decreased amounts of which vitamin the body?

A

Vitamin D

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6
Q

Impaired fat absorption in the intestine would interfere with the absorption of which vitamin?

A

fat-soluble vitamins: A, D, E, K

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7
Q

What is Oxidation?

A

the removal of electrons from a molecule and results in a decrease in the energy content of the molecule

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8
Q

Two major eating disorders are anorexia nervosa and what? (2)

A
  • bulimia nervosa
  • binge eating disorder
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9
Q

During cellular Respiration, which molecule enters into the mitochondrion?

A

pyruvate molecules (with oxygen)

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10
Q

This term is referred to as an unhealthy state resulting from inadequate intake of one or more nutrients that becomes life-threatening as the deficiencies accumulate

A

malnutrition

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11
Q

Know the nitrogen compounds (4 main)

A
  • amino acids
    framework of all proteins, glycoproteins, and lipoproteins
  • purines and pyrimidines
    nitrogenous bases of RNA and DNA
  • creatine
    energy storage in muscle (creatine phosphate)
  • porphyrins
    bind metal ions, essential to hemoglobin, myoglobin, and cytochromes
    They are not stored in the body
    Must be obtained by: Recycling N compounds in body OR from diet
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11
Q

Which nutrient is not recommended in the MyPlate Plan?

A

oils (fats)

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12
Q

What is an important trace mineral that acts as an antioxidant?

A

selenium

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13
Q

Scurvy is the result of deficiency of which vitamin?

A

vitamin C

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14
Q

In the Electron Transfer System (ETS), what accepts electrons from one molecule and transfers them to another?

A

a coenzyme

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15
Q

Lipid-soluble vitamin overdoses primarily affect which organ?

A

liver

16
Q

What factors influence an individual’s BMR (basal metabolic rate)?

A
  • age
  • body composition
  • physical activity
  • hormone function
17
Q

Know the nutrient that yields the most energy per gram when metabolized

A

fats

18
Q

What is a T4 assay is used for?

A

a test that checks thyroid for conditions

19
Q

During cellular Respiration, which molecule enters into the Kreb Cycle?

A

acetyl CoA

20
Q

What is the first product of Kreb Cycle?

A

citric acid

21
Q

Obesity is defined as a body weight more than, what percent above the ideal body weight for an individual?

A

20%

22
Q

Know the products of Glycolysis

A
  • 2 pyruvic acid
  • 2 ATP net (4 ATP)
23
Q

Glycolysis produces how many molecules of Pyruvic Acid?

A

two

24
Q

The energy content of foods is commonly in what units?

A

kilo calories (calories) OR kilojules (jules)

25
Q

More than half the heat is lost from the body indoors through what process?

A

radiation

26
Q

The loss of heat energy by vaporizing water is called

A

evaporation

27
Q

The direct transfer of heat energy from one object to another through physical contact is called

A

conduction

28
Q

During Cellular Respiration, this molecule is the last electron acceptor

A

oxygen

29
Q

Physicians have found improved outcomes when forcefully cooling specific organs or the whole body prior to surgery in a process called

A

induced hypothermia OR therapeutic cooling

30
Q

In glycolysis, each molecule of glucose that is catabolized gives a net yield of how many molecules of ATP?

A

2 net, equaling a total of 4

31
Q

The strategy of eating starchy foods for several days before an athletic event is known as

A

carbohydrate loading

32
Q

Reactions within which organelle in a cell provide most of the energy needed by a typical cell?

A

mitochondria

33
Q

How many net ATP molecules are produced by the complete metabolism (all pathways) of one glucose molecule?

A

36 net

34
Q

The KrebCycle (citric acid cycle) occurs in the

A

mitochondria

35
Q

The Electron Transport System (ETC) occurs in the

A

mitochondria

36
Q

Glycolysis takes place here

A

cytosol

37
Q

The end products of aerobic respiration are

A
  • carbon dioxide
  • water
  • energy
38
Q

Glycolysis is an aerobic reaction,(YES/NO)

A

YES, can also be anaerobic

Anatomy & Physiology 2 (12 decks)

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