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BIOCHEM LAB > METABOLISM OF PROTEINS > Flashcards

METABOLISM OF PROTEINS Flashcards

1
Q

the body’s digestive system breaks down protein into the ____

A

individual amino acids

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2
Q

amino acids are absorbed and used by cells to ____ and a few other macromolecules, such as DNA

A

build other proteins

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3
Q

a good dietary source of protein

A

eggs

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4
Q

one egg, whether raw, hard-boiled, scrambled, or fried supplies about ____g of protein

A

6g

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5
Q

first step in egg digestion

A

chewing

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6
Q

PROCESSES

mouth to stomach

A

chew
mechanical breakdown
salivary glands -> swallowing
partially mashed tru esophagus
mashed enter stomach trhu esophageal sphincter

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7
Q

PROCESSES | MOUTH TO STOMACH

provide saliva to aid in swallowing

A

salivary glands

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8
Q

PROCESSES | MOUTH TO STOMACH

partially mashed egg pass thru

A

esophagus

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9
Q

PROCESSES | MOUTH TO STOMACH

mashed egg enter stomach thru

A

esophageal sphincter

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10
Q

stomach releases gastric juices containing ____ and ____, which initiate the breakdown of the protein

A

HCl and pepsin

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11
Q

the acidity of the stomach facilitates the ____ that still retain part of their 3D structure after cooking

A

unfolding of the proteins

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12
Q

the acidity of the stomach helps ____ formed during cooking

A

break down the protein aggregates

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13
Q

where does the break down of protein starts

A

stomach

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14
Q
  • secreted by the chief cells of the stomach
  • dismantles the protein chains into smaller and smaller fragments
A

pepsin

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15
Q

pepsin are secreted by the ____ of the stomach

A

chief cells

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16
Q

____ is secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach

A

HCl

17
Q

HCl is secreted by the ____ of the stomach

A

parietal cells

18
Q

egg proteins are large globular molecules and their chemical breakdown requires ____ and ____

A

time & mixing

19
Q

the powerful mechanical stomach contractions churn the partially digested protein into a more uniform mixture called

A

chyme

20
Q

protein digestion in the stomach takes ____ than carbohydrate digestion

A

longer time

21
Q

protein digestion in the stomach takes a ____ than fat digestion

A

shorter time

22
Q

eating a ____ increases the amount of time required to sufficiently break down the meal in the stomach

A

high protein meal

23
Q

METABOLISM OF PROTEINS

food remains in the stomach ____

A

longer

24
Q

ENZYMES INVOLVED

Pancreatic juice

A

trypsin
chymotrypsin
carboxypeptidase

25
Q

ENZYMES INVOLVED

Intestinal mucosal cells

A

aminopeptidase

26
Q

all enzymes involved in protein digestion are

A

proteolytic enzymes

27
Q

amino acids are transported from intestinal lumen to the blood

A

distal duodenum to proximal jejunum

28
Q

the absorption of proteins / entry of proteins into the blood vessels require

A

active transport and ATP

29
Q

once the amino acids are in the blood, they are transported to the

A

liver

30
Q

____ makes it to the large intestine if you are not eating excessive amounts

A

very little protein

31
Q

a sign that you are eating **too much protein **

A

smelly flatulence

32
Q

all proteins are absorded as

A

tripeptides
dipeptides
amino acids

33
Q

the peptides and/or amino acids pass through the interstitial brush border by ____ or ____

A

facilitative diffusion or active trasnport

34
Q

determines the type of transporter used

A

R group

35
Q

once passed thru the membrane, the amino acids or peptides are released into the intestinal blood stream and are transported to the liver by the ____

A

hepatic portal vein

36
Q

in the liver, ____% remain and are used to synthesize protein, nitrogen containing compounds and form purine/pyrimidine bases

A

50-65%

BIOCHEM LAB (11 decks)

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