METABOLISM OF PROTEINS

Question 1

the body’s digestive system breaks down protein into the ____

Answer 1

individual amino acids

Question 2

amino acids are absorbed and used by cells to ____ and a few other macromolecules, such as DNA

Answer 2

build other proteins

Question 3

a good dietary source of protein

Answer 3

eggs

Question 4

one egg, whether raw, hard-boiled, scrambled, or fried supplies about ____g of protein

Answer 4

6g

Question 5

first step in egg digestion

Answer 5

chewing

Question 6

PROCESSES

mouth to stomach

Answer 6

chew
mechanical breakdown
salivary glands -> swallowing
partially mashed tru esophagus
mashed enter stomach trhu esophageal sphincter

Question 7

PROCESSES | MOUTH TO STOMACH

provide saliva to aid in swallowing

Answer 7

salivary glands

Question 8

PROCESSES | MOUTH TO STOMACH

partially mashed egg pass thru

Answer 8

esophagus

Question 9

PROCESSES | MOUTH TO STOMACH

mashed egg enter stomach thru

Answer 9

esophageal sphincter

Question 10

stomach releases gastric juices containing ____ and ____, which initiate the breakdown of the protein

Answer 10

HCl and pepsin

Question 11

the acidity of the stomach facilitates the ____ that still retain part of their 3D structure after cooking

Answer 11

unfolding of the proteins

Question 12

the acidity of the stomach helps ____ formed during cooking

Answer 12

break down the protein aggregates

Question 13

where does the break down of protein starts

Answer 13

stomach

Question 14

• secreted by the chief cells of the stomach
• dismantles the protein chains into smaller and smaller fragments

Answer 14

pepsin

Question 15

pepsin are secreted by the ____ of the stomach

Answer 15

chief cells

Question 16

____ is secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach

Answer 16

HCl

Question 17

HCl is secreted by the ____ of the stomach

Answer 17

parietal cells

Question 18

egg proteins are large globular molecules and their chemical breakdown requires ____ and ____

Answer 18

time & mixing

Question 19

the powerful mechanical stomach contractions churn the partially digested protein into a more uniform mixture called

Answer 19

chyme

Question 20

protein digestion in the stomach takes ____ than carbohydrate digestion

Answer 20

longer time

Question 21

protein digestion in the stomach takes a ____ than fat digestion

Answer 21

shorter time

Question 22

eating a ____ increases the amount of time required to sufficiently break down the meal in the stomach

Answer 22

high protein meal

Question 23

METABOLISM OF PROTEINS

food remains in the stomach ____

Answer 23

longer

Question 24

ENZYMES INVOLVED

Pancreatic juice

Answer 24

trypsin
chymotrypsin
carboxypeptidase

Question 25

# **ENZYMES INVOLVED** Intestinal mucosal cells

Answer 25

aminopeptidase

Question 26

**all** enzymes involved in **protein** digestion are

Answer 26

proteolytic enzymes

Question 27

amino acids are transported from **intestinal lumen to the blood**

Answer 27

distal duodenum to proximal jejunum

Question 28

the **absorption** of proteins / **entry** of proteins into the **blood vessels** require

Answer 28

active transport and ATP

Question 29

once the amino acids are **in the blood**, they are transported to the

Answer 29

liver

Question 30

____ makes it to the **large intestine** if you are not eating excessive amounts

Answer 30

very little protein

Question 31

a **sign** that you are eating **too much protein **

Answer 31

smelly flatulence

Question 32

**all** proteins are **absorded** as

Answer 32

tripeptides dipeptides amino acids

Question 33

the **peptides** and/or **amino acids** pass through the **interstitial brush border** by ____ or ____

Answer 33

facilitative diffusion or active trasnport

Question 34

determines the **type of transporter** used

Answer 34

R group

Question 35

once **passed thru the membrane**, the amino acids or peptides are **released** into the **intestinal blood stream** and are **transported to the liver** by the ____

Answer 35

hepatic portal vein

Question 36

in the liver, ____% **remain** and are used to **synthesize protein**, **nitrogen containing compounds** and **form purine/pyrimidine bases**

Answer 36

50-65%