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BIOCHEM LAB > EX 9 > Flashcards

EX 9 Flashcards

1
Q
  • most significant source of energy
  • provide storage energy
  • important cellular component
  • important structural component
A

CARBOHYDRATES

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2
Q

made up of one sugar unit

A

monosaccharide

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3
Q

made up of two monosaccharide

A

disaccharides

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4
Q

short polymers of usually three to ten monosaccharides unit

A

oligosaccharides

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5
Q

long polymers of monosaccharides

A

polysaccharides

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6
Q

2-carbon sugar

A

hydroxyacetaldehyde

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7
Q

3- carbon sugar

A

glyceraldehyde

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8
Q

4-carbon sugar

A

erythrose

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9
Q

5-carbon sugar

A

ribos

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10
Q

7-carbon sugar

A

sedoheptulose

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11
Q

9-carbon sugar

A

neuraminic acid

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12
Q

6-carbon sugar

A

glucose

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13
Q

sucrose + fructose

A

sucrose

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14
Q

glucose + galactose

A

lactose

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15
Q

glucose + glucose

A

maltose

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16
Q

fructose + galactose

A

lactulose

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17
Q

3 glucose units

A

maltotriose

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18
Q

several sugar units

A

dextrin

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19
Q

structural polysaccharide units in plants

A

cellulose

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20
Q

structural polysaccharide units in animals

A

chitin

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21
Q

storage polysaccharide units in plants

A

starch

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22
Q

water-soluble starch

A

hetastarch

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23
Q

storage polysaccharide units in animals

A

glycogen

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24
Q

polyfructan of fructofuranose

A

inulin

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25
Q

homoplyglucan of a-1,6 bond

A

dextran

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26
Q

present in vitreous humor & synovial fluid

A

hyaluronic acid

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27
Q

present in cartilage, tendons, & ligaments

A

chondroitin sulfate

28
Q

present in skin

A

dermatan sulfate

29
Q

present in nails

A

keratan sulfate

30
Q

an anticoagulant

A

heparan sulfate

31
Q

found in seaweeds

A

agarose

32
Q

present in bacterial cell wall

A

peptidoglycan

33
Q

most tests in carbohydrates rely on the _____

A

interaction of a reducing sugar

34
Q

the ____ of sugars under alkaline conditions is an important consideration in reduction tests

A

enolization

35
Q

general test for carbohydrates

A

MOLISCH’S TEST

36
Q

MOLISCH’S TEST

result

A

purple ring at the junction

37
Q

tests for reducing sugars

A

FEHLING’S TEST
BENEDICT’S TEST

38
Q

FEHLING’S TEST

result

A

brick red ppt

39
Q

blue aqueous solution cupric sulfate pentahydrate

A

FEHLING’S A

40
Q

clear aqueous solution potassium sodium tartrae or Rochelle salt

NaOH or KOH

A

FEHLING’S B

41
Q
  • test for reducing sugars
  • semi-quantitative test
A

BENEDICT’S TEST

42
Q

dsitnguish reducing monosaccharides from disaccharides

A

BARFOED’S TEST

43
Q

BARFOED’S TEST

reacts very fast

A

MONOSACCHARIDES

44
Q

BARFOED’S TEST

reacts very slowly

A

DISACCHARIDES

45
Q

BARFOED’S TEST

the reducing monosaccharide is

A

scanty brick red ppt

46
Q

test for ketohexoses

A

SELIWANOFF’S TEST

47
Q

distinguish glucose and fructose

A

SELIWANOFF’S TEST

48
Q

SELIWANOFF’S TEST

result

A

cherry red solution

49
Q

SELIWANOFF’S TEST

reacts faster

A

fructose

50
Q

test for pentoses

A

BIAL’S TEST

51
Q

BIAL’S TEST

result

pentoses

A

blue colored soln

52
Q

BIAL’S TEST

hexoses produces what color

A

green, red, or brown

53
Q

invert sugar is a mixture of

A

glucose & fructose

54
Q

HYDROLYSIS TEST (INVERSION OF SUCROSE)

test result

A

brick red ppt

55
Q

used to differentiate sugars depending on the shape of the osazone crystals formed

A

PHENYLHYDRAZINE TEST

56
Q

PHENYLHYDRAZINE TEST

glucose
fructose
mannose

A

NEEDLE SHAPED

57
Q

PHENYLHYDRAZINE TEST

galactose

A

RHOMBIC PLATES

58
Q

PHENYLHYDRAZINE TEST

maltose

A

SUNFLOWER-SHAPED

59
Q

PHENYLHYDRAZINE TEST

lactose

A

powder puff /
hedgehog shaped

60
Q

test for polysaccharides particularly sugar & glycogen

A

IODINE TEST

61
Q

IODINE TEST | RESULTS

amylose

A

blue

62
Q

IODINE TEST | RESULTS

amylopectin

A

purple

63
Q

IODINE TEST | RESULTS

glycogen

A

reddish brown

64
Q

IODINE TEST | RESULTS

amylodextrin

A

violet

65
Q

IODINE TEST | RESULTS

eryhtrodextrin

A

red

66
Q

IODINE TEST | RESULTS

achrodextrins

A

no color

BIOCHEM LAB (11 decks)

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