Metabolism/Endocrine

Question 0

What does Zinc Deficiency present as clinically?

Answer 0

Well differentiated red eczematous patches/plaques that start around the mouth and anus

Question 1

What is the pathogenesis of Ascorbic Acid Deficiency?

Answer 1

Leads to fragility of skin and vessels due to non-functional collagen.

Question 2

What are the 3 D’s of Niacin Deficiency (Pellagra)?

Answer 2

1. Dermatitis (Casal’s necklace)
2. Diarrhea
3. Dementia

Question 3

What is pretibial myxedema and what is it associated with?

Answer 3

1. Bilateral, asymmetric, firm, non-pitting nodules or plaques that cover most of anterior shin
2. Associated with Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease)

Question 4

What is myxedema and what is it associated with?

Answer 4

1. Constellation of clinical findings including fatigue, lethargy, cold intolerance, etc.
2. Associated with Hypothyroidism

Question 5

What is the most common Xanthoma?

Answer 5

Xanthelasma

Question 6

How does a Neurofibromatosis present clinically?

Answer 6

1. Cafe Au Lait macules

2. Diagnostic with axillary involvement

Question 7

What are the triad of symptoms associated with Tuberous Sclerosis?

Answer 7

1. Seizures
2. Mental retardation
3. Congenital white spots