Metabolism - 6 Flashcards
What is ATP synthesis?
Energy (provided by glucose) is stored in ATP
What is ATP breakdown?
Energy is released when the terminal phosphate group is split or hydrolyzed
Production of new ATP in skeletal muscle is generated by what 3 mechanisms?
- Creatine phosphate
- glycolysis
- Oxidative Respiration
What ATP replenishing mechanism replenishes for the immediate muscle contractions?
Creatine phosphate
Explain how creatine phosphate replenishes ATP.
At onset of exercise the CP system supplies contracting muslce cells with the first few vital seconds of ATP, enabling glycolysis to be initiated beofre the stores of ATP are exhausted (review diagram)
Definition:
Breakdown of glucose molecules.
Glycolysis
T/F: glycolysis is an optimal producer of ATP
False! It only produces small amounts of ATP compared to oxidative phosphorylation, but does allow access to ATP in the absence of oxygen
What enzyme aides with glycolysis?
Glycolytic enzymes
Which ATP production mechanism breaks down fuel with the aid of oxygen in the mitochondria and is known as cellular respiration?
Oxidative Respiration
T/F: Oxidative respiration is considered an anaerobic process.
False, it is a aerobic process due to the presence of oxygen
What system allows moderate activity to continue for a prolonged period of time without fatigue?
Oxidative respiration as it can produce and abundant ATP supply for extended periods of time
What dominates the metabolic requirements of the body at rest?
Muscles, heart, brain, liver and kidneys
In general, most idividuals have a resting metabolic rate of…
about 3.5 mL/min/kg which is termed 1 MET
What occurs to the difference between arterial and venous oxygen concentrations when working muscles extract oxygen from the capillaries?
The difference widens (AV-O2 difference)
What does AV-O2 difference depend on?
The carrying capacity of oxygen by the blood and the oxidative potential of mitochondria
Fick equation
VO2 = Q x (AV-O2)
What do you need to know to estimate the rate of oxygen uptake?
cardiac output and AV-O2 difference
What type of relationship exists between cardiac output and oxygen uptake during submaximal exercise?
Almost linear
Why does the arteriovenous oxygen difference widen as exercise intensity increases?
The muscles extract more oxygen
