Metabolic Bone Disease Flashcards
what cells build bone
osteoblasts
what cells break bone
osteoclasts
what happens to vitamin d
absorbed from the skin goes to the liver then the kidney
contributes to the metabolism of calcium
what is the pathology of pagets disease
disorder of the bone turnover which muscles affects the long bones and skulll bones.
increase bone resorption and increase bone formation-disorganised bone which is bigger and less compact
what is the cause of pagets disease
strong genetic component
possible virus
what are they symptoms of pagets disease
> 40
bone pain e
excessive heat over bone
high serum alkaline phosphatase
what is the treatment of pagets disease
IV biophosphonase therapy
what is the pathology of rickets and osteomalacia
severe nutritional vitamin C or ca deficient
osteomalacia is in adults as they have stopped growing
what does vitamin d do in the body
it promotes the absorption of ca from gut so it can become available for bone mineralisation
what is osteogenesis imperfecta
genetic disorder of connective tissue characterised by fragile bones
what are the signs and symptoms of osteogenesis imperfecta
growth deficiency
hearing loss
scolioisis
defective tooth formation
what is the management for osteogenesis imperfecta
surgical to treat fractures
medial to prevent fractures IV biophosphonates
what is osteoporosis
metabolic bone disease characterised by low bone mass and deterioration of bone leading to enhances fragility and risk of fracture
how common is osteoporosis
1 in 2 women over 50
1 in 5 men
what are endocrine causes of osteoporosis
thyrotoxicosis
hyper and hypo parapthyroidism
cushings
early menopause
what are the rheumatic causes of osteoperosis
rheumatoid arthritis
analysing spondylitis
what are some medications causing osteoperosis
steroids
PPi
warfarin
how do we prevent osteoporotic fractures
minimise risk factors
good vitamin d and ca
medications
what is BMD
bone mineral density
what is above -1
normla
what is between -1-2.5
osteopenia
what is below -2.5
osteoperosis
what are side effects of hormone replacement therapy
increased blood clot risk
increased risk of breast cancer
increased risk of heart disease and stroke
what is an SERM
selective oestrogen receptor modulator
what is the first line of treatment
oral biophosphonates -increases bone remodelling
need good renal function , good dental health and hygiene
alendronic acid
side effect soft biophosphates
dental and jaw breakage , osteonecrosis of the jaw
what is denosumab
monoclonal antibody of RANL stops osteoclasta
SC injection every 6 months
what is teriparatide
antiresorptive, injection, parathyroid
