Metabolic and Genetics Disorders Flashcards
starches are made of?
complex polysaccharides
how do get a fructan estimate?
WSC-ESC
what to read on the feed tag to get the % NSC?
dietary starch and sugar
what occurs in insulin dysregulation?
insulin-responsive cells do not respond normally to stimulation so the pancreas does not release insulin like it should
what can be secreted from intestinal cells to cause insulin release?
GLP-I and GIP
pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) occurs in what class of horses? and what occurs?
older horses with and without obesity
causes: shaggy hair coat and muscle wasting
how to diagnose EMS?
test for ID and PPID
if negative for ID- manage obesity and/or PPID
if positive for ID- obese or non-obese and manage body weight
if clinically positive for PPID- test for ID anyways
what is the reccomended test for ID?
oral sugar test or insulin tolerance test
management considerations for ID and PPID?
mature warm season grasses
soak/rinse hay
1.5%BW forage
muzzles
dry lots
is exercise always the culprit for ERS?
no
azoturia is the breakdown of what?
muscle fibers
what are the causes of azoturia?
exertional and non-exertional
what are the 2 types of ERS? and the break down from there?
sporadic and chronic
chronic has PSSM (1 and 2) and RER
what are the cause s of sporadic ER?
level of activity exceeds fitness level
dietary imbalances (too much grain)
hyperthermia
harsh exercise following illness
how can we manage ER?
properly conditioned horses
low starch/high fat diet
caution with horses coming back from illness
what are the main differences between type 1 and type 2 PSSM?
1: more breeds, mutation in GSY1 gene, genetic testing
2: few breeds, no mutation in GSY1, no genetic test, must muscle biopsy
how can we manage PSSM?
regular turnout
prevent weight gain, encourage loss
low starch/sugar and high fat
daily exercise
what is to blame for RER?
stress, over-sensitivity to stimuli that cause calcium release and muscle contraction
what is abnormal in RER?
arrangement of muscle nuclei
how to manage RER?
reduce stress, train and feed first
high fat low starch diet
symptoms of HYPP?
heavy muscling, weakness, muscle tremors, paralysis, etc.
how to manage HYPP?
for attacks: grain or corn syrup
overall: low K in diet (1.1% or less)
small frequent meals and avoid diet changes
