Forages cont. and Pasture Mgt

Question 1

general characteristics of forages?

Answer 1

high in fiber, lower in energy, variable protein

Question 2

forage quality is best determined by???

Answer 2

performance

Question 3

palatability changes how?

Answer 3

by species, over a season, chemical properties of a plant

Question 4

digestibility differs how?

Answer 4

with species; horses can use 30% of forage fiber and cows can use 60-70%

Question 5

what are the nutritive value parameters?

Answer 5

CP, NDP, ADF, DE, Minerals

Question 6

NDF is inversely related with what?

Answer 6

intake

Question 7

ADF is inversely related with what?

Answer 7

digestiblity (want below 31%)

Question 8

RFQ takes what into account?

Answer 8

digestiblity, nutritive value, and intake

Question 9

why is it important to visually inspect hay/pasture?

Answer 9

free of weeds, dust, insects, foreign objects; good smelling, color?

Question 10

what is the only method to determine forage quality?

Answer 10

forage testing

Question 11

name warm-season perennia; grasses?

Answer 11

bermuda and bahia

Question 12

name warm-season annual grasses?

Answer 12

sorghum, pearl millet

Question 13

name cool-season perennials?

Answer 13

tall fescue, orchardgrass

Question 14

name cool-season annual grasses?

Answer 14

small grains, annual ryegrass

Question 15

name cool-season perennial legumes?

Answer 15

alfalfa, white clover

Question 16

name cool-season annual legumes?

Answer 16

crimson and red clover

Question 17

anname warm-season perennial legumes?

Answer 17

rhizoma peanut

Question 18

name warm-season annual legumes?

Answer 18

annual lespedeza

Question 19

dangers of lawn clippings?

Answer 19

very high sugars, fermentation and gas residue

Question 20

steaming hay gives what benefits?

Answer 20

less bacteria and mold, removes allergens (dust)

Question 21

soaking hay does what?

Answer 21

reduces water soluble carbs, increases bacteria, can reduce sugars, soak 15-30 min.

Question 22

do horses prefer silage or haylage?

Answer 22

silage

Question 23

what is the moisture of silage, haylage, and hay?

Answer 23

silage: 35-50%
haylage: 50-70%
hay: 10%

Question 24

higher moisture means what?

Answer 24

more in a feeding but more nutrient dense

Question 25

risks of silage and haylage?

Answer 25

improper storage (mold) and acidity (lactic acid)

Question 26

chaff/chop requires what?

Answer 26

chewing but shorter pieces

Question 27

chaff/chop is good for what?

Answer 27

horses with bad teeth

Question 28

what is sprouts/fodder?

Answer 28

fresh, green forages; watch nutrient content!

Question 29

what is the average forage consumption on DM basis?

Answer 29

2-2.5% BW/d

Question 30

what is the min. forage intake?

Answer 30

1% BW/d

Question 31

what is the largest problem in forage crops?

Answer 31

overgrazing

Question 32

number of AU in a pasture over a period of time

Answer 32

stocking rate

Question 33

number of AU in a pasture at any given time?

Answer 33

stocking density

Question 34

AU=what?

Answer 34

animal unit (1,000 lb. animal)

Question 35

name the grazing methods in least to most efficienct?

Answer 35

continuous stocking, slow rotation, moderate rotation, strip grazing