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Non-Communicable Diseases > Mental Health Disorders > Flashcards

Mental Health Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Mental illnesses are characterized by what?

A

alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior

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2
Q

Define mental health according to the WHO

A

a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her capabilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively, and can make a contribution to his or her community

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3
Q

True or false. Mental health and mental illness are mutually exclusive

A

false

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4
Q

In any given year, how many Canadians experience mental illness

A

1 in 5

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5
Q

By the time Canadians reach 40, how many have had a mental illness?

A

1 in 2

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6
Q

what is the second leading cause of death in 15-29 year olds?

A

suicides

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7
Q

costs associated with workplace disability leave due to mental illness is __ that of physical illness

A

double

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8
Q

what 4 areas of life does mental health impact?

A
  • relationships
  • education
  • work
  • community involvement
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9
Q

define depression

A

a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest

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10
Q

what percent of adults globally suffer with depression?

A

5.0%

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11
Q

how many people in the world have depression?

A

280 million

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12
Q

who is affected more by depression… women or men

A

women

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13
Q

what is major depressive disorder?

A

a condition marked by a consistently sad mood and long-term loss of please along with symptoms like insomnia, guilt, or suicidal thoughts

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14
Q

what is persistent depressive disorder?

A

a type of depression that lasts for a long time

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15
Q

what is bipolar disorder?

A

extreme mood fluctuations, including emotional highs (mania) and llows (depression)

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16
Q

what is post partum depression?

A

following childbirth, a mothers depression may be caused by hormonal changes, psychological adjustment to parenting, and weariness

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17
Q

what is premenstrual dysphoric disorder?

A

severe form of PMS caused by hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle

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18
Q

what is SAD?

A

less sunlight and shorter days are linked to a chemical change in the brain

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19
Q

what is atypical depression?

A

a subtype of major depression defined by a variety of symptoms such as increased appetite, sleepiness, weakness, etc.

20
Q

what factors contribute to depression?

A
  • social
  • psychological
  • biological
21
Q

what medications are used to treat depression?

A
  • SSRIs

- monoamine oxidase inhibitors

22
Q

what two forms of psychotherapy are use to treat depression?

A
  • cognitive behavioral therapy

- dialectical behavioural therapy

23
Q

what are natural remedies to treat depression?

A
  • exercise
  • vitamins and supplements
  • sleep
  • eating healthy foods
24
Q

define anxiety

A

recurring feelings of excessive worry, nervousness, or fear (often triggered by a particular situation) that impact one’s ability to function on a daily basis

25
Q

feelings have to last for how long before one can be diagnosed with anxiety disorder?

A

6 months

26
Q

what are the 5 types of anxiety disorder?

A
  • generalized
  • OCD
  • Panic disorder
  • PTSD
  • social phobia or social anxiety
27
Q

what are contributing factors to anxiety?

A
  • trauma
  • stress due to illness
  • stress buildup
  • personality
  • drugs or alcohol
  • other mental health disorders
28
Q

what are anxiety symptoms?

A
  • feeling nervous, restless, or tense
  • having a sense of impending danger
  • increased heart rate
  • sweating
  • feeling tired or weak
  • trembling
  • trouble concentrating
29
Q

what medication is usually used for anxiety?

A

buspirone

-sedatives are used in the short term

30
Q

what is the most effective form of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders?

A

cognitive behavioural therapy

31
Q

True or false. CBT is usually a short-term treatment for anxiety?

A

true

32
Q

what is exposure therapy (used to treat anxiety)

A

focuses on dealing with fears behind anxiety. Helps you engage with situations you have been avoiding

33
Q

what are some lifestyle changes used to treat anxiety?

A
  • better sleeping habits
  • self-care activities
  • more active lifestyle
  • finding supportive people to talk to
34
Q

what is schizophrenia?

A

a serious mental illness that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves

35
Q

is schizophrenia more prevalent among women or men?

A

men

36
Q

what are the 5 different types of schizophrenia?

A
  1. paranoid
  2. catatonic
  3. hebephrenic or disorganized
  4. residual
  5. undifferentiated
37
Q

what 4 factors contribute to schizophrenia development?

A
  1. physical
  2. genetic
  3. environmental
  4. psychological
38
Q

what are paranoid schizophrenia?

A

positive symptoms like delusions and hallucinations

39
Q

what is catatonic schizophrenia?

A

striking motor behaviour, typically involving significant reductions in voluntary movement or hyperactivity and agitation

40
Q

what is hebephrenic or disorganized schizophrenia?

A

shallow and inappropriate emotional responses, foolish or bizzare behaviour, delusions, and hallucinations

41
Q

what is residual schizophrenia?

A

individualzed who have suffered an episode but there are no longer any delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, or behavior

42
Q

what is undifferentiated schizophrenia?

A

classification given to people who may not fit into any of these other classifications because they are showing symptoms for more than one kind

43
Q

what are symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
  • delusions
  • hallucinations
  • disorganized thinking (speech)
  • disorganized behavior
  • negative symptoms
  • lack of motivation
44
Q

true or false. schizophrenia involves lifelong treatment, even once symptoms have decreased?

A

true

45
Q

what medications are used for schizophrenia?

A
  • antipsychotic medications
  • antidepressants
  • anti-anxiety drugs
  • Lurasidone (latuda)
  • Olanzapine

Non-Communicable Diseases (8 decks)

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