Mental Health Disorders Flashcards
Mental illnesses are characterized by what?
alterations in thinking, mood, or behavior
Define mental health according to the WHO
a state of well-being in which the individual realizes his or her capabilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively, and can make a contribution to his or her community
True or false. Mental health and mental illness are mutually exclusive
false
In any given year, how many Canadians experience mental illness
1 in 5
By the time Canadians reach 40, how many have had a mental illness?
1 in 2
what is the second leading cause of death in 15-29 year olds?
suicides
costs associated with workplace disability leave due to mental illness is __ that of physical illness
double
what 4 areas of life does mental health impact?
- relationships
- education
- work
- community involvement
define depression
a mood disorder that causes persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest
what percent of adults globally suffer with depression?
5.0%
how many people in the world have depression?
280 million
who is affected more by depression… women or men
women
what is major depressive disorder?
a condition marked by a consistently sad mood and long-term loss of please along with symptoms like insomnia, guilt, or suicidal thoughts
what is persistent depressive disorder?
a type of depression that lasts for a long time
what is bipolar disorder?
extreme mood fluctuations, including emotional highs (mania) and llows (depression)
what is post partum depression?
following childbirth, a mothers depression may be caused by hormonal changes, psychological adjustment to parenting, and weariness
what is premenstrual dysphoric disorder?
severe form of PMS caused by hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle
what is SAD?
less sunlight and shorter days are linked to a chemical change in the brain
what is atypical depression?
a subtype of major depression defined by a variety of symptoms such as increased appetite, sleepiness, weakness, etc.
what factors contribute to depression?
- social
- psychological
- biological
what medications are used to treat depression?
- SSRIs
- monoamine oxidase inhibitors
what two forms of psychotherapy are use to treat depression?
- cognitive behavioral therapy
- dialectical behavioural therapy
what are natural remedies to treat depression?
- exercise
- vitamins and supplements
- sleep
- eating healthy foods
define anxiety
recurring feelings of excessive worry, nervousness, or fear (often triggered by a particular situation) that impact one’s ability to function on a daily basis
feelings have to last for how long before one can be diagnosed with anxiety disorder?
6 months
what are the 5 types of anxiety disorder?
- generalized
- OCD
- Panic disorder
- PTSD
- social phobia or social anxiety
what are contributing factors to anxiety?
- trauma
- stress due to illness
- stress buildup
- personality
- drugs or alcohol
- other mental health disorders
what are anxiety symptoms?
- feeling nervous, restless, or tense
- having a sense of impending danger
- increased heart rate
- sweating
- feeling tired or weak
- trembling
- trouble concentrating
what medication is usually used for anxiety?
buspirone
-sedatives are used in the short term
what is the most effective form of psychotherapy for anxiety disorders?
cognitive behavioural therapy
True or false. CBT is usually a short-term treatment for anxiety?
true
what is exposure therapy (used to treat anxiety)
focuses on dealing with fears behind anxiety. Helps you engage with situations you have been avoiding
what are some lifestyle changes used to treat anxiety?
- better sleeping habits
- self-care activities
- more active lifestyle
- finding supportive people to talk to
what is schizophrenia?
a serious mental illness that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves
is schizophrenia more prevalent among women or men?
men
what are the 5 different types of schizophrenia?
- paranoid
- catatonic
- hebephrenic or disorganized
- residual
- undifferentiated
what 4 factors contribute to schizophrenia development?
- physical
- genetic
- environmental
- psychological
what are paranoid schizophrenia?
positive symptoms like delusions and hallucinations
what is catatonic schizophrenia?
striking motor behaviour, typically involving significant reductions in voluntary movement or hyperactivity and agitation
what is hebephrenic or disorganized schizophrenia?
shallow and inappropriate emotional responses, foolish or bizzare behaviour, delusions, and hallucinations
what is residual schizophrenia?
individualzed who have suffered an episode but there are no longer any delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, or behavior
what is undifferentiated schizophrenia?
classification given to people who may not fit into any of these other classifications because they are showing symptoms for more than one kind
what are symptoms of schizophrenia?
- delusions
- hallucinations
- disorganized thinking (speech)
- disorganized behavior
- negative symptoms
- lack of motivation
true or false. schizophrenia involves lifelong treatment, even once symptoms have decreased?
true
what medications are used for schizophrenia?
- antipsychotic medications
- antidepressants
- anti-anxiety drugs
- Lurasidone (latuda)
- Olanzapine
