Menopause Flashcards
what is the average age of menopause
51
what is classed as early menopause
< 45
what is classed as premature menopause
< 40
what is classed as late menopause
> 54
what cells secrete oestrogen
granulosa cells
what are Sx of menopause
Hot flushes Night sweats Palpitations Insomnia Joint aches Headaches
what are psychological Sx of menopause
Mood swings Irritability Anxiety Difficulty concentrating Forgetfulness
what are sexual Sx of menopause
vaginal dryness
libido
what are the later Sx of menopause
Frequency Recurrent UTIs Dysuria Incontinence Dry hair and skin Atrophy of breast & genitals
how is menorrhagia Tx in menopause
Mefenamic/Tranexamic acid
Progesterones
IUS
Hysterectomy
why is HRT given
symptoms of menopause are caused by the declining levels of oestrogen - giving HRT may help in cases where Sx are unacceptable to the patient
what risk does HRT carry
increased risk of breast cancer, endometrium cancer
using for more than 10 yrs doubles the risk of ovarian cancer
what are the HRT options
Oestrogen alone
Oestrogen and Progesterone
who gets oestrogen and progesterone
women who still have a uterus [reduces risk of endometrium cancer]
what are contraindications of HRT
oestrogen dependant cancer past PE undiagnosed vaginal bleeding increased LFT pregnancy/breast feeding
