Meningitis

Question 1

Geographically where is the meningitis belt

Answer 1

It lays between 5-15 degree north of the Equator in Tropical Africa

Question 2

Why meningitis cases in libya has dramatically declines

Answer 2

B/c
1.introduction of the vaccine to school children
2.administration of chemoprophylaxis to contacts
3.improvement of housing and standard of living

Question 3

Incupation period of meningitis

Answer 3

3to 4 days may extend to 10 days

Question 4

Period of communicablitiy of meningitis

Answer 4

Until meninigiococcal no longer present in discharge from nose , throat

, cases becom un ifectious within 24 hour

Question 5

Mode of transmisssion

Answer 5

1.Droplet infection is the main route
2.meninigies also infected via blood

Question 6

Causative agent of meninigitis. In adult is

Answer 6

Niesseria meninigitis (Gram negative cocci)

Question 7

Causative organism of meninigitis in Children is

Answer 7

Haemophilus influenza type B Staph , Strpto , Ecoli

Question 8

Meninigitis in immunocompromised paithent occur due to

Answer 8

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 9

Chronic meninigitis due to

Answer 9

Tb meninigitis

Question 10

Diagnosis of meninigitis

Answer 10

1.Lumpar puncture
(Antigen detection of both Csf , Blood)

Question 11

Prevention, control of meninigitis

Answer 11

1.Early diagnosis to promote the treatment with Iv antibiotic (pencilin ,,chloamphinicol)
2.chemoprophylaxis of close cotact with
A.rifampicine 600mg twice daily for 2 days
B.Ciprofloxacine 500mg single dose
C.single injection of Ciftriaxone ((3rd generation cephalosporin))
4.effective Vaccination

Question 12

Meninigitis vaccine made from

Answer 12

N.meninigiococcal polysccharide antigen
,
Meninigiococcal polysccharide polyvalent (A-C-Y-W135) give immunity last for 3 years

Question 13

Hexa vaccine given every 2 ,4 ,6 months of age and it contain vaccine to

Answer 13

DIPTHERIA , TETANUS , PERTUSIS
HEPATITIS B ,PoLio mylitis , haemophilus type B