Mendel

Question 1

Where are the genes for particular trait found

Answer 1

At a specific locus on a certain chromosome

Question 2

Each individual has _ copies of each gener, _ inherited from ___ and _ inherited from father
- genes controlling a trait can differ - these different forms are called ____
- only ___ of the ___ copies are present In each ____

Answer 2

2
1
Mother
1
Father

Alleles

1
2
Gamete

Question 3

Phenotype vs genotype

Answer 3

Phenotype = looks
Genotype = alleles

Question 4

Mono hybrid cross

Answer 4

Homozygous dominant crossed with homozygous resseccciev

F1 generation is all dominant appearance but are heterozygous

Crossing two heterozygous:

3:1 ratio if F2 generation

Question 5

Test cross

Answer 5

If none show recessive phenotype - the other plant musts be homozygous - all one phenotype

If recessive phenotype is shown - the other plant must be heterozygous - 1:1 ratio

Question 6

2 Mendel Laws

Answer 6

Models 1st law: law of segregation
Models 2nd law: law of independent assortment

Question 7

Law of segregation

Answer 7

The two alleles for each gene seperate
- in anaphase 1, R and r seperate
- following meiosis 2 each gamete has just one unreplicated copy of each chromosome and thus one allele per pair of gametes

Question 8

Law of independent assortment

Answer 8

Alleles of genes on nonhomologous chromosomes assort independently
- alleles of different genes assort independently during gamete formation
- as a cell reaches metaphase 1 of meiosis, the paired homologous can line up one of two ways
- diploid parents pose two possibilities of lining up, each way gives 4 options of gametes