Menarche and Menstruation Flashcards
When does puberty start in girls?
Age 8-14
Why do obese children go through puberty earlier?
Adipose tissue contains aromatase that converts androgens into oestrogen
What is tanner stage 1 in girls?
No pubic hair development
No breast development
What is tanner stage 2 in girls?
Light and thin pubic hair
Breast bud development
What is tanner stage 3 in girls?
Course and curly pubic hair
Breast elevates beyond the areola
What is tanner stage 4?
Adult like pubic hair, but not reaching the thigh
Areolar mound forms and projects from surrounding breast
What is tanner stage 5?
Hair extending to medial thigh
Areolar mound reduces and adult breasts form
What hormonal changes occur during puberty?
Growth hormone increases, causing a growth spurt
GnRH begins production - causes release of FH and LH, which causes release of progesterone and oestrogen
When is the follicular phase of menstruation?
From menstruation to ovulation
When is the luteal phase of menstruation?
From ovulation to the start of menstruation
What are the stages of development of follicles in the ovaries?
Primordial follicles
Primary follicles
Secondary follicles
Graafian follicles
How do secondary follicles develop in graafian follicles?
Secondary follicles develop receptors for FSH - FSH allows them to develop into graafian follicles
What are granulosa cells?
Cells that sit around the oocytes and secrete oestrogen
What causes ovulation to occur?
A spike in LH
When does ovulation occur?
14 days before the start of menstruation
