Congenital Structural Abnormalities Flashcards
What embryological structure do the female reproductive organs originate from?
Mullerian ducts
Why do males not develop a uterus?
Male fetuses secrete anti mullerian hormone
What is a bicornate uterus?
Where there are two ‘horns’ to the uterus, giving it a heart shaped appearance
What are the complications of a bicornate uterus?
Miscarriage
Premature birth
Malpresentation
What is an imperforate hymen?
Where the hymen at the entrance to the vagina is fully formed, without an opening
When may an imperforate hymen be discovered?
When menstruation first occurs and blood is sealed in the vagina
What is the clinical presentation of an imperforate hymen?
Cyclical pelvic pain and cramping
Not associated with vaginal bleeding
What is the treatment of an imperforate hymen?
Surgical incision to open the hymen
What is a transverse vaginal septum?
An abnormality where a septum forms transversely across the vagina - this can be perforate or imperforate
How is a transverse vaginal septum diagnosed?
Clinical examination
MRI
Ultrasound
What are the complications of a transverse vaginal septum?
Vaginal stenosis
Recurrence of the septum
What is vaginal hypoplasia?
An abnormally small vagina due to failure of the mullerian ducts to develop properly
