memory pt 3 Flashcards
what is semantic memory?
knowledge of general facts and information
Quillians Model of semantic memory organization uses pointers, ______, and ______ and states that the time to search through your memory network to access information depends on the _____ of the path of travel (two pointers away takes longer to retrieve than one)
properties, units, length
In the spreading activation network, concepts link by how they ____ to each other
link
what is the difference between quillians model and the spreading activation network
there is no hierarchy in the spreading activation network and concepts link my their similarity to one another
Lexical Decision task is an example of ____ _____ and which states one word will make you think of another semantically related word
semantic priming
what develops first in children, implicit or explicit memories?
implicit
language is critical for children to organize personal thoughts defines what hypothesis?
language hypothesis
memories can’t be formed because hippocampus and prefrontal structures are not fully developed defines which concept
immature brain hypothesis
what concept explains why we remember our high school years better than later parts of life and why is this?
reminiscence bump, because they were critical to our self-identity and development thus we remember these experiences better
in older adults, implicit memory is ____, semantic memory is _____, and episodic memory is _____
intact, intact, impaired
what is domain-general cognitive ageing theory
when older adults have deficits in general executive cognitive processes
why do older adults suffer from domain general cognitive ageing theory
frontal lobe atrophy (shrinkage)
what are symptoms of domain general cognitive ageing theory
older adults cannot inhibit irrelevant information and they have issues encoding and retrieving memories
being able to recognize a face but not know from where explains what hypothesis and where in the brain is effected for this to happen
associative deficit hypothesis, hippocampus
true or false: adults have trouble remembering single items because it does not require the hippocampus
true
noetic memory is associated with ____ and autonoetic memory is associated with _____
familiarity, recollection
what area of the brain is recruited by young adults and bad memory older adults? what area of the brain is recruited by good memory older adults? this suggest the idea of ____ ______
right prefrontal cortex, bilateral prefrontal cortex, neural compensation
where in the brain does Alzheimer’s disease occur?
medial temporal lobe (hippocampus)
early stages of alzheimer’s disease see _____ memory impaired but intact _____ memory, while late stages see a decline in all forms of memory, personality, emotions
episodic, semantic
where does semantic dementia occur?
anterior temporal lobe
true or false: an individual with semantic dementia can tell you how they made tea yesterday, but not how to make tea in general
true! indicating that episodic memory is spared in semantic dementia
what is retrograde amensia?
an inability to recall memories before onset of amnesia
what is anterograde amnesia ?
an inability to form new episodic memories since onset of amnesia (like the movie memento which i saw in mr. doyon’s class)
korsakoffs syndrome is due to _____ & _____ amensia which leads to ______ & ______ changes due to damage in the _______ which is connected to the ______
retrograde, anterograde
personality, behavioural
hypothalamus, hippocampus
korsakoffs syndrome leads people to experience confabulation: fabricating or misrepresenting memories. this is due to damage where?
prefrontal cortex
retrograde amnesia for episodic events and sense of identity loss due to psychologically traumatic event describes what type of amnesia?
dissociative amnesia
true or false: dissociative amnesia is due to brain injury in the prefrontal cortex
false!!! not from brain injury but there is reduced activity in the prefrontal cortex
why do individuals with dissociative amnesia have problems with retrieval but not storage?
they do not want to retrieve memories likely because remembering traumatic event will cause stress
what part of the brain is larger in london taxi drivers
posterior hippocampus grey matter
what is the Rashomon effect?
no two people will remember the same event perfectly because we reconstruct them differently
