concepts

Question 1

classify these three terms: honda civic, vehicle, car

Answer 1

superordinate: vehicle
basic: car
subordinate: honda civic

Question 2

what term involves maintaining a balance between not being too general or too precise when describing something?

Answer 2

cognitive economy

Question 3

in what order do children and semantic dementia patients learn concept organization terms?

Answer 3

children:
basic —> superordinate —> subordinate

patients:
basic —> superordinate (calling dogs animals)

Question 4

what theory of concept is defined by forming rules and attributes that define membership of a category?

Answer 4

rules based approach

Question 5

what theory of concept is defined by how similar things are to each other and experience?

Answer 5

prototype theory

Question 6

gay father can be described by which type of concept?

Answer 6

conjunctive. individual must hold all attributes (must be homosexual and a man)

Question 7

a party being a small gathering or a 500 person rager describes what concept

Answer 7

disjunctive. can possess only one attribute to make it a member

Question 8

a divorce is what concept

Answer 8

relational. attributes must relate to make it a member (two people must agree to end their marriage)

Question 9

conservative focusing is what?

Answer 9

focusing on one attribute to create a rule and testing that rule on something new to see if it fits the concept

Question 10

Focus gambling is what?

Answer 10

focusing on all attributes to create a rule and then testing that rule on something new

Question 11

true or false: conservative focusing can be too general and focus gambling can be too specific

Answer 11

true

Question 12

what are some rules based approach shortcomings?

Answer 12

we do not always test rules (some things are learned implicitly)
some concepts are not easy to define
concept rules may be too simplistic

Question 13

an item’s membership to a category is not all or none, but a matter of degree describes what?

Answer 13

fuzzy boundaries

Question 14

where do obscure members lie in the prototype network?

Answer 14

further away

Question 15

a preference for processing prototypical members more than obscure members when accessing concept information describes what

Answer 15

typicality effect

Question 16

will you think that a harmonica is an instrument if you are in a music hall?

Answer 16

maybe. CONTEXT matters

Question 17

creating a specific category concept with a specific goal with dissimilar members is called?

Answer 17

ad-hoc categorization

Question 18

conceptual knowledge is stored in the brain as ____ representations and retrieved for cognitive tasks

Answer 18

sensorimotor

Question 19

true or false: brain injury patients do not experience difficulties in naming concepts

Answer 19

false

Question 20

sensory functional theory states that living things are defined by ____ features and inanimate objects are defined by _____ features

Answer 20

visual, functional