Memory Models

Question 1

What 3 things make up atkinson and shiffren’s multi-store memory model

Answer 1

Short term sensory store

Short term memory

Long term memory

Question 2

What is short term sensory store

Answer 2

• limitless memory store holding information for about 1 second
• subdivided part of short term memory
• stimuli simultaneously processed and selectively attends to the relevant information and disregards irrelevant stimuli

Question 3

What is Short term memory

Answer 3

• Represents the working memory where information from stss and ltm are brought together
• stores around 7 items at a time only lasts as long as attention
• stores information to 1 minute
• information can be chunked together to store more

Question 4

What is long term memory

Answer 4

• contains well learned, retained and permanent coded information collected over past experiences
• ltm is limitless in capacity
• well learned and rehearsed movement skills from stm will be stored in ltm
• ltm info can be retrieved to stm

Question 5

What are the advantages and disadvantages of multi store

Answer 5

Adv
- simplifies the memory process
-Explains how those with brain damage may have dysfunctional memory
Disadv
-too simplified
- does not prove the distinction between stm and ltm

Question 6

How does craik and Lockhart model oppose the multi store model

Answer 6

It focusses on what we do with and the meaning of information rather than how it is stored

Question 7

What 3 things do you need to to do to transfer information to the LTM

Answer 7

It needs to be

• considered
• understood
• has to have meaning

Question 8

What are the 3 levels of depth of processing

Answer 8

-structural, paying attention to what words look like
-Phonetic, processing words and sounds
-semantic, considered the actual meaning of words
The deeper the processing the longer the memory trace will last

Question 9

Advantages and disadvantages of craik and Lockhart

Answer 9

Adv- explains that if we understand information we are likely to remember
-explains that the longer we consider and analyse info the more we remember it
Disadv- longer it takes to process info does not always lead to better recall
-it does not take into account individual differences