Memory Applied Questions

Question 1

What type of memory is the learned skill of riding a bike?

Answer 1

implicit memory

Question 2

The hippocampus, while not always storing memories, is more specifically thought to play a role in ______________ of memories stored elsewhere.

Answer 2

memory consolidation

Question 3

For what brain structure did Pollock and others describe in a 2008 article that electrical stimulation of it causes increases in anxiety but does not affect object recognition memory or spatial memory?

Answer 3

amygdala

Question 4

What type of amnesia would a patient be suffering from if they have problems with encoding new information but have no problems with retrieving information from before their injury?

Answer 4

anterograde amnesia

Question 5

If I slip into a casual conversation the words GHOST, TOAST, and ROAST and then later ask you to name a word that begins with M, you would probably say MOST. What is this an example of?

Answer 5

priming

Question 6

In class, Kiera was shown a diagram of labelled brain structures. Afterwards, she is able to recall the names of most of the brain structures, to picture in her mind what they previously looked like on that diagram, and would be faster to recognize again even ones that she could not recall. Both while initially viewing them and afterwards while recalling them, what can these brain names and images be considered for Kiera?

Answer 6

memory

Question 7

What type of amnesia would a patient be suffering from if they have problems with retrieving information from before their injury but have no problems with encoding new information?

Answer 7

retrograde amnesia

Question 8

Amadi remembers learning to ride a bike, including his feeling of pride when he was finally able to stay upright without any help. For Amadi, what type of explicit memory is this?

Answer 8

episodic memory

Question 9

On the evening before her biopsyc final exam, after a long study session for the exam and before she went to bed for the night, Ianna decided to watch a TV show in order to take a break from thinking about the brain. The next day during the exam, Ianna was able to recall most of what she studied the night before. According to the stage model of memory, what type of memory did she rely upon during the exam?

Answer 9

long-term memory

Question 10

Your friend has been in a motorcycle accident and now has trouble doing memory tasks like holding two numbers in his mind while he mentally adds them. What brain structure has he most likely damaged?

Answer 10

prefrontal cortex

Question 11

Neuroscientists have recently discovered that the hippocampus is one of the few brain structures that continues to produce new neurons in adulthood. It has been proposed that the function of these new hippocampal neurons is to store all recent explicit memories until the neurons are able to make connections to other brain areas. What theory would this be consistent with?

Answer 11

standard consolidation theory

Question 12

Every day on his way to work, Dave takes the same turnoff to exit the highway. One day on the weekend, he intends to travel further on the highway to visit his relatives but, when he is distracted by a conversation with his wife sitting next to him, he automatically turns off the highway on the route he normally takes to work. What brain structure is most likely responsible for this nonconscious learned behavior?

Answer 12

basal ganglia

Question 13

What type of memory are you using to find the correct answer to this question, regardless of whether you actually recall having seen this concept in the notes or not?

Answer 13

explicit memory

Question 14

When asked to explain how a bill becomes a law in history class, Eric is able to give the correct answer despite not recalling being in the actual lecture in which he learned this information. What type of memory is he using?

Answer 14

semantic memory

Question 15

In the 1950s, the neuroscientist, Karl Lashley, attempted to identify the area in the brain where memories are stored. However, based on the results of his lesion studies, he eventually concluded that instead of memories being located in one single structure, they are stored diffusely in the brain and become more resistant to disruption over time. What theory would this support?

Answer 15

multiple-trace theory

Question 16

Damage to what brain structure is most associated with the type of permanent anterograde amnesia for explicit memories that occurs as a result of being a chronic alcoholic?

Answer 16

medial diencephalon

Question 17

When Beatrice was ten, she tripped and fell right into the middle of her sister�s birthday cake. When Beatrice�s sister later brings the story up one evening at the dinner table, Beatrice can recall being embarrassed and feeling terrible immediately after the event but swears she has no memory of what happened immediately before the event. What type of amnesia would this be considered?

Answer 17

retrograde amnesia

Question 18

When Sydney was a child, she saw her mother react with fear around a snake. Now as an adult, she doesn�t remember the incident but she does become anxious around anything that looks like a snake, including the garden hose. What type of memory is Sydney demonstrating?

Answer 18

implicit memory

Question 19

Jen’s dad sends her to the grocery store for a few last-minute dinner items. Jen repeats the list of seven items as she walks to the store. However, when she reaches the store, Jen gets distracted by the store clerk and afterwards realizes that she can now only remember three items on the list. What type of memory allowed her to remember all of the items while she was walking to the store but not after being distracted by the clerk?

Answer 19

short-term memory

Question 20

What brain structure would be most responsible for learning to coordinate your movements when skate boarding in order to maintain your balance and not fall off?

Answer 20

cerebellum

Question 21

Teleri has seen movie characters pinch out candle flames by licking their fingers and then squeezing the wick. She decides to try it, and ends up burning the tips of her fingers badly enough that they blister. Now Teleri is careful not to put her fingers anywhere near a burning candle. What process is this change in behavior called?

Answer 21

learning

Question 22

The activity of what brain structure was most likely temporarily disrupted when Ralph Mistlberger fell on his head in a skiing accident and, on the car ride to the hospital, was unable to remember new conversations he had with the people sitting next to him each time his attention was drawn elsewhere?

Answer 22

hippocampus

Question 23

For what brain structure did Pollock and others describe in a 2005 article that disruptive electrical stimulation applied to its medial portion causes impairments in object recognition memory but not in spatial memory?

Answer 23

inferotemporal cortex