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Biopsychology > Forebrain > Flashcards

Forebrain Flashcards

1
Q
A

thalamus

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2
Q
A

thalamus

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3
Q
A

hypothalamus

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4
Q
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hypothalamus

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5
Q
A

frontal lobe

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6
Q
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frontal lobe

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7
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parietal lobe

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8
Q
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temporal lobe

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9
Q
A

limbic system

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10
Q
A

hippocampus

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11
Q
A

amygdala

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12
Q
A

amygdala

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13
Q
A

temporal lobe

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14
Q
A

occipital lobe

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15
Q
A

occipital lobe

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16
Q
A

parietal lobe

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17
Q
A

basal ganglia

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18
Q
A

basal ganglia

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19
Q
  • is the large, two-lobed structure that constitutes the top of the brainstem
A

thalamus

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20
Q
  • forebrain structure that receives signals from sensory receptors, processes them, and then transmits them to the appropriate areas of the sensory cortex
A

thalamus

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21
Q
  • forebrain structure that is an important relay station in the visual, auditory, and somatosensory systems
A

thalamus

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22
Q
  • forebrain structure that is located just below the anterior thalamus
A

hypothalamus

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23
Q
  • forebrain structure that plays an important role in the regulation of several motivated behaviors (e.g., eating, sleep, and sexual behavior)
A

hypothalamus

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24
Q
  • on the basis of studies of decorticate animals, Bard concluded that this forebrain structure is critical for the expression of aggressive responses
A

hypothalamus

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25
Q
  • forebrain structure that regulates body temperature, blood pressure, fluid balance, and concentrations of glucose and sodium
A

hypothalamus

26
Q
  • forebrain structure that exerts its effects in part by regulating the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, which dangles from it on the ventral surface of the forebrain
A

hypothalamus

27
Q
  • forebrain structure that is a layer of tissue that covers the cerebral hemispheres
A

cerebral cortex

28
Q
  • forebrain structure that is often referred to as the gray matter because it is mainly composed of small, unmyelinated neurons which give it a gray appearance
A

cerebral cortex

29
Q
  • forebrain structure that is deeply convoluted in humans
A

cerebral cortex

30
Q
  • forebrain structure that provides landmarks for locating the four lobes of the cerebral hemispheres
A

cerebral cortex

31
Q
  • on the basis of studies of decorticate animals, Bard concluded that the function of this forebrain structure is to inhibit and direct aggressive responses
A

cerebral cortex

32
Q
  • while the behavioral and physiological expression of emotional states is dependent on the limbic system, the conscious experience of emotional states is also dependent on this forebrain structure
A

cerebral cortex

33
Q

lobe that is involved in motor functions and complex cognitive functions, such as planning and evaluating potential behavior patterns

A

frontal lobe

34
Q

lobe that is involved in analyzing sensations from the body, perceiving the location of both objects and our own bodies, and in directing our attention

A

parietal lobe

35
Q

lobe that is involved in hearing and language, identifying complex visual patterns, and memory

A

temporal lobe

36
Q

lobe that is involved in analyzing visual input to guide our behaviour

A

occipital lobe

37
Q
  • system of midline structures that is involved in integrating such vast processes as learning, memory, emotion, and motivation
A

limbic system

38
Q
  • system that contains several forebrain structures, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and cingulate cortex
A

limbic system

39
Q
  • forebrain structure that is located in the medial temporal lobe and plays a major role in some kinds of memory, particularly memory for spatial location
A

hippocampus

40
Q
  • forebrain structure that is involved in a rat learning to avoid a distinctive chamber where it was previously shocked (contextual fear conditioning) but not in learning to avoid a tone that was paired with the shock (avoidance conditioning)
A

hippocampus

41
Q
  • forebrain structure that is an almond-shaped nucleus in the anterior temporal lobe
A

amygdala

42
Q
  • lesions to this forebrain structure block fear conditioning
A

amygdala

43
Q
  • forebrain structure that receives input from all sensory systems and is believed to be the structure in which the emotional significance of sensory signals is learned and retained
A

amygdala

44
Q
  • forebrain structure that is involved in only some aspects of human fear; e.g., more in the perception of fear in others than in the experience of fear
A

amygdala

45
Q
  • the one of the two dopaminergic pathways in the brain that is most implicated in the rewarding effects of brain stimulation, natural rewards, and addictive drugs
A

mesolimbic pathway

46
Q
  • lesions of this pathway tend to disrupt intracranial self-stimulation
A

mesolimbic pathway

47
Q
  • system of midline structures that is involved in the performance of voluntary motor responses, action selection, and switching between motor behaviors
A

basal ganglia

48
Q
  • system that contains several forebrain structures, including the amygdala, caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus
A

basal ganglia

49
Q
  • system that contains the striatum (caudate and putamen), which receives input from the rest of the brain, and the globus pallidus, which sends output to the motor cortex
A

basal ganglia

50
Q
  • Parkinson’s disease is associated with deterioration of the pathway projecting from the substantia nigra of the midbrain to this system
A

basal ganglia

51
Q
  • area of cortex within the frontal lobe that is the major point of departure for motor signals descending from the cerebral cortex into lower levels of the sensorimotor system
A

primary motor cortex

52
Q
  • type of cortex that contains sites controlling the movements of individual body parts
A

primary motor cortex

53
Q
  • area of cortex that is most dedicated to controlling parts of the body that are capable of intricate movements, such as the hands and mouth
A

primary motor cortex

54
Q
  • is any area of cortex that receives most of its input directly from the thalamic relay nuclei of one sensory system
A

primary sensory cortex

55
Q
  • type of cortex that includes the somatosensory cortex, which contains sites that receive sensations from individual body parts
A

primary sensory cortex

56
Q
  • type of cortex that includes the visual cortex and auditory cortex, which directly receive input from the thalamus for their respective sensory modalities
A

primary sensory cortex

57
Q
  • is any area of cortex that receives input from more than one sensory system
A

association cortex

58
Q
  • type of cortex that is at the top of the sensorimotor hierarchy; involved in the highest level of sensory processing that might ultimately result in the performance of movements
A

association cortex

59
Q
  • area of cortex that is in the most anterior location of the frontal lobe
A

prefrontal cortex

60
Q
  • area of cortex that is involved in the following four types of cognitive functions: (1) working memory, which is keeping relevant information accessible for short periods of time while a task is being completed; (2) planning and carrying out sequences of actions; (3) inhibiting responses that are inappropriate in the current context but not in others; and (4) following rules for social behavior
A

prefrontal cortex

61
Q
  • cortical structure that acts on the amygdala to suppress conditioned fear
A

prefrontal cortex

Biopsychology (14 decks)

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