Forebrain Flashcards
1
Q
A
thalamus
2
Q
A
thalamus
3
Q
A
hypothalamus
4
Q
A
hypothalamus
5
Q
A
frontal lobe
6
Q
A
frontal lobe
7
Q
A
parietal lobe
8
Q
A
temporal lobe
9
Q
A
limbic system
10
Q
A
hippocampus
11
Q
A
amygdala
12
Q
A
amygdala
13
Q
A
temporal lobe
14
Q
A
occipital lobe
15
Q
A
occipital lobe
16
Q
A
parietal lobe
17
Q
A
basal ganglia
18
Q
A
basal ganglia
19
Q
- is the large, two-lobed structure that constitutes the top of the brainstem
A
thalamus
20
Q
- forebrain structure that receives signals from sensory receptors, processes them, and then transmits them to the appropriate areas of the sensory cortex
A
thalamus
21
Q
- forebrain structure that is an important relay station in the visual, auditory, and somatosensory systems
A
thalamus
22
Q
- forebrain structure that is located just below the anterior thalamus
A
hypothalamus
23
Q
- forebrain structure that plays an important role in the regulation of several motivated behaviors (e.g., eating, sleep, and sexual behavior)
A
hypothalamus
24
Q
- on the basis of studies of decorticate animals, Bard concluded that this forebrain structure is critical for the expression of aggressive responses
A
hypothalamus
25
- forebrain structure that regulates body temperature, blood pressure, fluid balance, and concentrations of glucose and sodium
hypothalamus
26
- forebrain structure that exerts its effects in part by regulating the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, which dangles from it on the ventral surface of the forebrain
hypothalamus
27
- forebrain structure that is a layer of tissue that covers the cerebral hemispheres
cerebral cortex
28
- forebrain structure that is often referred to as the gray matter because it is mainly composed of small, unmyelinated neurons which give it a gray appearance
cerebral cortex
29
- forebrain structure that is deeply convoluted in humans
cerebral cortex
30
- forebrain structure that provides landmarks for locating the four lobes of the cerebral hemispheres
cerebral cortex
31
- on the basis of studies of decorticate animals, Bard concluded that the function of this forebrain structure is to inhibit and direct aggressive responses
cerebral cortex
32
- while the behavioral and physiological expression of emotional states is dependent on the limbic system, the conscious experience of emotional states is also dependent on this forebrain structure
cerebral cortex
33
lobe that is involved in motor functions and complex cognitive functions, such as planning and evaluating potential behavior patterns
frontal lobe
34
lobe that is involved in analyzing sensations from the body, perceiving the location of both objects and our own bodies, and in directing our attention
parietal lobe
35
lobe that is involved in hearing and language, identifying complex visual patterns, and memory
temporal lobe
36
lobe that is involved in analyzing visual input to guide our behaviour
occipital lobe
37
- system of midline structures that is involved in integrating such vast processes as learning, memory, emotion, and motivation
limbic system
38
- system that contains several forebrain structures, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and cingulate cortex
limbic system
39
- forebrain structure that is located in the medial temporal lobe and plays a major role in some kinds of memory, particularly memory for spatial location
hippocampus
40
- forebrain structure that is involved in a rat learning to avoid a distinctive chamber where it was previously shocked (contextual fear conditioning) but not in learning to avoid a tone that was paired with the shock (avoidance conditioning)
hippocampus
41
- forebrain structure that is an almond-shaped nucleus in the anterior temporal lobe
amygdala
42
- lesions to this forebrain structure block fear conditioning
amygdala
43
- forebrain structure that receives input from all sensory systems and is believed to be the structure in which the emotional significance of sensory signals is learned and retained
amygdala
44
- forebrain structure that is involved in only some aspects of human fear; e.g., more in the perception of fear in others than in the experience of fear
amygdala
45
- the one of the two dopaminergic pathways in the brain that is most implicated in the rewarding effects of brain stimulation, natural rewards, and addictive drugs
mesolimbic pathway
46
- lesions of this pathway tend to disrupt intracranial self-stimulation
mesolimbic pathway
47
- system of midline structures that is involved in the performance of voluntary motor responses, action selection, and switching between motor behaviors
basal ganglia
48
- system that contains several forebrain structures, including the amygdala, caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus
basal ganglia
49
- system that contains the striatum (caudate and putamen), which receives input from the rest of the brain, and the globus pallidus, which sends output to the motor cortex
basal ganglia
50
- Parkinson's disease is associated with deterioration of the pathway projecting from the substantia nigra of the midbrain to this system
basal ganglia
51
- area of cortex within the frontal lobe that is the major point of departure for motor signals descending from the cerebral cortex into lower levels of the sensorimotor system
primary motor cortex
52
- type of cortex that contains sites controlling the movements of individual body parts
primary motor cortex
53
- area of cortex that is most dedicated to controlling parts of the body that are capable of intricate movements, such as the hands and mouth
primary motor cortex
54
- is any area of cortex that receives most of its input directly from the thalamic relay nuclei of one sensory system
primary sensory cortex
55
- type of cortex that includes the somatosensory cortex, which contains sites that receive sensations from individual body parts
primary sensory cortex
56
- type of cortex that includes the visual cortex and auditory cortex, which directly receive input from the thalamus for their respective sensory modalities
primary sensory cortex
57
- is any area of cortex that receives input from more than one sensory system
association cortex
58
- type of cortex that is at the top of the sensorimotor hierarchy; involved in the highest level of sensory processing that might ultimately result in the performance of movements
association cortex
59
- area of cortex that is in the most anterior location of the frontal lobe
prefrontal cortex
60
- area of cortex that is involved in the following four types of cognitive functions: (1) working memory, which is keeping relevant information accessible for short periods of time while a task is being completed; (2) planning and carrying out sequences of actions; (3) inhibiting responses that are inappropriate in the current context but not in others; and (4) following rules for social behavior
prefrontal cortex
61
- cortical structure that acts on the amygdala to suppress conditioned fear
prefrontal cortex
