Memory Flashcards
Memory
Any indication that learning has persisted overtime
Recall
Being able to access information without being cute
Recognition
Identifying information after experiencing it again
Relearning
The process where we learn some thing for the second time
Information processing model of memory
motto of memory compares are mine to a computer in a series of three stages which are in coding automatic and effortful
Encoding
The process of putting information into the memory system
Automatic
Automatic and coding of details like times face frequency meaning of words
Effortful
Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
Storage
The creation of a permanent record of the encoded information
Retrieval
The Kong back of stored information on demand when it is needed
Parallel processing
The brains ability to make sense of several different incoming stimuli at the same time
Ackinson’s Shiffrin three stage model of memory
Three different memory systems characterized by time frames
Sensory memory
External stimuli from our senses are how just long enough to be received
Iconic memory
sensory input creates a fleeting photographic visual image
Echoinc memory
1 to 5 second auditory recording
Short term or working memory
The information we are currently aware of or thinking about
Long term memory
All memories we hold for periods of time longer than a few seconds
Explicit memory
Information that you have to consciously work to remember
Semantic memory
These are memories a fax concepts names and other general knowledge
Episodic memory
Long-term memory involves recollection of specific events
Implicit memory
information that you remember unconsciously and effortlessly 
Procedural memory
How to perform a specific task you don’t have to consciously recall how to perform these tasks
Flashbulb memory
Vivid and do some memories the people create during times of personal tragedy accident or emotionally significant world events
Rosie retrospection
working memory tends to delete the moon Dane or boring and only store the interesting into long-term memory
Context dependent memory
Is your refill of information while in the same context of the environment where it was acquired
State dependent memory
memories that are triggered by mood when memory was made in the same mood
Memory consolidation
Process where I bring convert short term memory into a long-term ones
Long term potentiation
Strengthening of a synaptic connections through repeated no action
Storage decay
More time that goes by the less we remember
Trace decay theory
Overtime I memories biologically degenerate
Retrograde amnesia
cannot remember things that happen before they got amnesia
anterograde amnesia
Cannot create new memories
Serial position effect
when retrieving a long list we remember first and last better
Primacy effect
Refers to better recall a first items
Recency effect
Better recall of last items
Retrieval failure
The failure to recall memory due to missing simulator cues that were present at the time the memory was in coded to help triggered a memory
Tip of the tongue state
The feeling that I memories available but not retrievable a
Encoding failure
Occurs when a memory was never formed in the first place
Interference theory
Some memories interfere with the retrieval of other memories for getting in long-term memory
Proactive interference
older memories interfere with the retrieval of newer memories
Retro active interference
New remembers interfere with the retrieval of older memories
Memory reconstruction
Approach to understanding memory as a cognitive process
Pseudo memories
False memories that a person believes to be true
Elizabeth Loftis and the problem with eyewitness testimony
Believe bias and suggestibility create the miss information effect
Distribute practice
Strategy of learning that makes use of smaller increments of study and practice over a long time
Rehearsal
Practice or repetition of studying increase his long-term potentiation
The testing affect
Studying technique that focuses you to use recall
Retrieval cues
Reminders associated with information we are trying to get out of the memory
Sensory associations
Sites sounds smells and taste
Context affect
Easier to retrieve memories in the environment in which they were in coated
Chunking
Process of taking individual pieces of information and grouping them into larger units
