Memory Flashcards

1
Q

Immediate memory

A

Memory in a fraction of memory counts towards short term memory

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2
Q

Working memory

A

Between seconds and minutes and is in-between short and long term memory

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3
Q

Long term memory

A

Days to years

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4
Q

Forgetting

A

Occurs in immediate, working and long term memory

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5
Q

Declarative memory

A

a type of long-term memory that involves conscious recollection of particular facts and events.

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6
Q

non-declarative memory

A

memory that operate automatically and accumulate information that is not accessible to conscious recollection
Example motor skills and associations

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7
Q

storage of declarative memory

A

Short term-through hippocampus

Long term- Wernickes area and temporal cortex

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8
Q

storage of non-declarative memory

A

Short term-unknown

Long term-Cerebellum and basal ganglia

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9
Q

Priming

A

Priming is the implicit memory effect in which exposure to a stimulus influences response to a later stimulus.

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10
Q

Hm case study

A
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11
Q

Explicit memory

A

Explicit memory refers to the conscious recollection of a previous episode, as in recall or recognition.

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12
Q

Stages of explicit memory

A

Encoding-Attention
Storage-From short to working memory needed
Consolidation-Structural change and sleep
Retrival-

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13
Q

Black cab drivers

A

Increased amount of synapse and increased brain volume

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14
Q

Long term potentiation

A

The increase in strength of a synapse after strong stimulation
Formation of new synapses
Increased excitability in postsynapse
Increased glutamate release

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15
Q

How AMPA receptors are inserted(LTP maintenance)

A

NMDA receptors open and calcium ion enters
Activates camkII and proteins attach to it
AMPA receptors are delivered via vesicles into membranes

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16
Q

Ampa insertion

A

Some synapse may not have any AMPA receptors (silenced), if NMDA receptor is depolarised it will lead to AMPA receptors on the synapse(unsilenced)

17
Q

Structural change via LTP

A

Dendritic spine expands into 2

18
Q

Long term depression

A

expressed as reduced responsiveness to transmitter glutamate and is necessary for good brain performance

19
Q

Episodic memory

A

memory of everyday events/collection of past personal experiences
We forget this rapidly

20
Q

Semantic memory

A

a type of long-term memory involving the capacity to recall words, concepts, or numbers for understanding of language
We forget this slower for generalisation

21
Q

working memory

A

Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily.
Heavily linked to frontal cortex

21
Q

working memory

A

Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that can hold information temporarily.
Heavily linked to frontal cortex

22
Q

Working memory mechanism

A

Persistent neuronal firing gives persistent memories

23
Q

memory experiment

A

A gene placed in the genome so when a memory is produced all cells that are involved produce a protein

24
Memory and ageing
Loss of brain volume from 20 years of age which means loss of cells and synapses People with more active brains show less decline
25
Alzheimer's
Loss of many synapses Dendrites become disintegrated Amyloid plaques and tangles